Aromatic compounds

Question 1

Define heterocycles.

Answer 1

it is a cyclic compound that contains of 2 or more elements in its rings (N, S,O)

Question 2

Distinguish between pyridine and pyrrole.

Answer 2

Pyridine
is a 6-membered ring
It has lone pairs of electrons on the nitrogen in the sp2 orbital. They do not overlap with the pi orbital and this makes the basic. Has triple bonds

Pyrrole
is a 5-membered ring
has 2 double bonds and 1 nitrogen
The lone pair electrons are shared in the aromatic ring this makes it a non basic aromatic ring.

Question 3

General structure of Amines

Answer 3

They contain nitrogen
derivatives of NH3
A primary amine (RNH3) a secondary (R2NH2)
tertiary (R3NH)

Question 4

What positions are the nitrogen of the pyrimidine ring located in?

Answer 4

Positions 1 and 3 on the pyrimidine 6 membered ring

Question 5

What is the difference between an imidazole and a purine?

Answer 5

Imidazole acts as both an acid and a base it has 2 double bonds and 2 nitrogen - pyrrole and pyridine

Purine
is a pyrimidine fused to an imidazole and acts as a base.