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biologie > ARN > Flashcards

ARN Flashcards

1
Q

Nukleinsaure

A

polímeros hechos de monomeros– bilden nukleotid

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2
Q

A

A

Adenin

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3
Q

T

A

Thymin

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4
Q

c

A

CYTOSIN

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5
Q

G

A

guanin

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6
Q

u

A

uracil

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7
Q

teile von nukleotid

A

Phosphat Gruppe, Stickstoff base, 5- Kohlenstoff Xucker

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8
Q

Zucker im RNA

A

Ribose

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9
Q

zucker im DNA

A

desoxyribose (sin O en 3´)

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10
Q

paaren der komplementäre basen

A

Chargaff
A=T
C=G

Si G=14%
c=14
a+t=72
a=36=t

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11
Q

DNA

A

Doppel strang
desoxyribose
A,T,G,C

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12
Q

RNA

A

Einzel Strang
ribose
AUGC

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13
Q

Replikations porozzess objetivo

A

mitose

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14
Q

wo passiert replikation

A

ZELLKERN
INTERPHASE
S-PHASE

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15
Q

Was brauchen wir für replikation

A

enzymen

freie nukleotiden

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16
Q

semikonservativ prozess

A

Meselson-Stahl

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17
Q

transcription

A 
protein zynthese (mRNA SYNTHESE IM ZELLKERN)
DNA HAT REZEPT FÜR AMINOsaure Sequenzen, aber es ist im Zellkern und muss zum ribosom (da werden Proteine synthetisiert)

ZELLKERN
RESULTAT: mRNA molekule

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18
Q

proteinas con 4 polypeptidos

A

se necesitan 4 geners

4 DNA Sektionen

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19
Q

3 buCHTSBANE IM dna

A

TRIPLETS

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20
Q

3 BUCHSTABEN IM RNA

A

CODON

1 AMINOSAURE=1CODON=3BUCHSTABBEN AUGC

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21
Q

mRNA

A

dna KOPIE

bringt dann Boden zum ribosom (poros del núcleo)

22
Q

rRNA

A

bildet Ribosom

23
Q

tRNA

A

transfiere Aminosäure zum riobosom, so dass polypeotid kette bildet

24
Q

tRNA

A

+
AA oben
Anticodon unten (3 Buchstaben, bindet zu spezifisches mRNA codon)

25
Q

Translation

A

translation von Stickstoff basen zu aminosaure
Zellplasma
resultat: polypeptid kette

26
Q

zellteilung phasen

A

interphase (vorbereiten
mitose/M-Phase (Kernteilung)
zytokinese (zytoplasma teilung)

27
Q

Interphase

A

G1 pHASE (CRECE citoplasma, verdopplung von zellorganelle, vorbeirennt für Protein Biosynthese DNA-RNA)

S-Phase (Replikation, Verdopplung DNA)

G2-Phase revision)

28
Q

ADN Poly I y II

A

Eukarioten

29
Q

DNA Poly III

A

prokarioten

30
Q

pasen von replikation

A

initiation
elongation
termination

31
Q

initiation

A

se abre replikations Gabel (helikase, girase, topoisomerase, primase)

32
Q

helikase

A

trennt H brucken

33
Q

girase

A

hace q strang no se enrolle sobre si

34
Q

topoisomerase

A

marca horquilla

35
Q

primase

A

primer

36
Q

elongation

A 
Synthese der neue Einzelstrange 
ADN POLYMERASE II
DNA POLY I 
HEXONUCLEASE
5 A 3 HACIA ABAJO mas lenta
37
Q

and poly ii

A

construye nueva hebra de 5 a 3

38
Q

Okazaki segment

A

acelera proceso de formación en desconitnuerte strang (contrario a helikasa q trabaja de 3 a 5)

39
Q

DNA POLY I

A

Arregla lugar dnd estaba el primer

40
Q

hexonuklease

A

elimina nucleotidos de un extremo de la cadena

corrige y revis<

41
Q

termination

A

LIGASE ENZYM forma enlaces covalentes de 5 de una cadena con 3 dude otra

42
Q

ETAPAS TRANSKRIPTION

A

INITIATION
ELONGATION
TERMINATION
MADURATION

43
Q

initation scrip

A

se reconocen 3 letras
TAC
PROMOTOR DNA: TATA (marca donde se ubica ARN polymerase)
primer: AUG ARN, DNA ES TAC

44
Q

eklongation scrip

A

ARN POLYMERASE
pone STICKSTOFF BASEN DE ARN
pega tmb zucker con phopshat gruppe

45
Q

Termination scrip

A

protección arriba y abajo
al inicio: 7-metil-guanosina (protege) 5
al final cola pOLY A protege 3

46
Q

maduración scrip

A

arn se deprrsne de hebra pero no de núcleo todavía
RIBONUKLEIN PROTEIN se sacan intrones, se dejan exones (tienen info repetida prosaica)

LIGASE PEGA EXONES

47
Q

se copia de

A

5 a 3

48
Q

se lee de

A

3 a 5

49
Q

TRANSLATION

A

RIBOSOM
initiation- ribosome reconoce AUG
elongation-ARNt deja aminoacido, lee de 3
Termination- Se termina con UAA, UAG, UGA

50
Q

partes de ribosom

A

3- E
2-P
1-A
aca se metil RNAt

51
Q

fases de la mitose

A

prophase
meta
ana
telo

biologie (5 decks)

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