Arm (limbs)

Question 1

What are the anterior compartment arm muscles?

Answer 1

biceps brachii, coracobrachialis and brachialis

Question 2

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment muscles?

Answer 2

Msuculoskeletal nerve (C5/6) and brachial artery

Question 3

Biceps brachii attachments?

Answer 3

Origin: SH is coracoid process f scapula, lh is supraglenoid tubercle
Insert: through intertubecular groove to radial tuberosiry

Question 4

Biceps brachii function and test?

Answer 4

superficial flexor, main supinator.

Boxer pose, resist extension whilst stabilising the elbow

Question 5

What are the brachialis attachments?

Answer 5

Origin: middle of humeral shaft
Insert: ulnar tuberosity

Question 6

Brachialis function?

Answer 6

Main flexor of forearm

Question 7

Coracobrachialis attachments?

Answer 7

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insert: middle of medial aspect of humerus

Question 8

Coracobrachilis function?

Answer 8

Assists in flexion and adduction

Question 9

Triceps attachments?

Answer 9

Origin LH: infraglenoid tubercle
Origin Medial Head: inferior to radial groove on posterior humerus
origin lateral head: superior to radial groove on posterior humerus
Insert: olecranon of ulna

Question 10

Triceps innervation?

Answer 10

Radial nerve C6/7

Question 11

Triceps test?

Answer 11

Subject sitting/standing. arm abduct 5-10 degrees. elbow at 90 degrees, extend forearm against resistance.. Boxer pose, resist pushing in

Question 12

Forearm superficial muscles anterior?

Answer 12

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmar longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 13

Pronator teres attachments?

Answer 13

Origin: medial epicondoyle of humerus + coronoid process of ulna
Insert: pronator tuberosity on lateral aspect of radius

Question 14

Pronator teres function?

Answer 14

pronate radius about ulna

Question 15

Flexor carpi radialis attachments?

Answer 15

Origin: common flexor tendon of medial epicondoyle

InsertL base of 2/3rdmetacarpal

Question 16

Flexor Carpi radialis function?

Answer 16

Flexion/abductionof wrist

Question 17

Palmar Longus attachments?

Answer 17

Origin: common flexor tendon of medial epicondoyle
Insert: flexor reticulanum + palmar aponeurosis

Question 18

Function of Palmar longus?

Answer 18

Flexion of wrist

Question 19

Flexor carpi ulnaris attachments?

Answer 19

Origin: common flexor tendon on median epicondoyle
Insert: Pisifrom, hamate, 5th netacarpal base

Question 20

Flexor carpi ulnaris function?

Answer 20

Flexion + ulnar deviation of wrist

Question 21

Superficial forearm muscle innervation?

Answer 21

All median nerve except FCU which is ulnar nerve

Question 22

Pronation/Supination Test?

Answer 22

Patient lying down with arm at 90 degrees. Hold elbow and wrist while asking to supinate/pronate. Elbow straight to test pronator teres

Question 23

How can you test the superficial wrist flexors?

Answer 23

Hands out in front, palms up, flex wrists to the ceiling

Question 24

WHat are the deep digital felxors of the forearm?

Answer 24

, flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus

Question 25

How do you test FDP?

Answer 25

Only one to felx DIP joints so hold the rest of the fingers down and ask patient to move just the tip of the finger

Question 26

FDS test?

Answer 26

one finger flexed at the PIP while others are held down to inactivate the FDP

Question 27

FPL?

Answer 27

flexes the thumb at MCP and IP. Bend the tip of your thumb whilst stabilising MCP against resistance

Question 28

What are the FDS attachments and innervation?

Answer 28

Origin: common flexor tendon + radius Insert: 4 intermediate phalanges, tendons at the wrist Median nerve

Question 29

What are the FPL attachment and innervation?

Answer 29

Origin: Shaft of radius + surrounding interosseus membrane Insert: base of thumb Median nerve

Question 30

FDP attachment and innervation?

Answer 30

Origin: Ulna and interosseus membrane Insert: Distal phalanges of last 4 digits Insert: Ulnar and Median nerve

Question 31

`Pronator quadratus attachment and innervation?

Answer 31

Origin: shaft of radius and interosseus membrane Insert: base of thumb Median nerve

Question 32

What are the superficial posterior forearm muscles?

Answer 32

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris and aconeus

Question 33

Deep posterior forearm muscles?

Answer 33

Supinaor, abducotr pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus and extensor indices

Question 34

Aconeus features?

Answer 34

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Inster: olecranon + posterior surface of ulna Radial nerve

Question 35

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis test/

Answer 35

Make fist and bring backwards against resistance

Question 36

Extensor digitorum test?

Answer 36

affects the medial 4 fingers at MCP + IP. extend 4 fingers against resistance

Question 37

Extensor digiti minimi test?

Answer 37

Extends little finger against resistance

Question 38

Extensor carpi ulnaris test?

Answer 38

Wrist extension + adduction against resistance

Question 39

Abductor pollicis longus test?

Answer 39

abducts the thumb. Move thumb upwards against resistance

Question 40

Extensor pollicis brevis test?

Answer 40

Extend at MCP joint + carpometacarpal. Extend thumb holding MCP againstr esistance

Question 41

Extensor pollicis longus test?

Answer 41

Extend thumb while holding IP against resistance

Question 42

Extensor indices proprius test?

Answer 42

Extend index finger against resistance

Question 43

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

Answer 43

Interossei, lumbricals, thenar, hypothenar and adductor pollicis

Question 44

What are the thenar muscles and its test?

Answer 44

opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis. Touch thumb to little finger. Median nerve innervation - also lumbricals 2/3

Question 45

Hypothenar muscles and test?

Answer 45

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis. Move thumb to finger, then resist against spread. Hold the rest and move the little finger away. Ulnar nerve + lumbricals

Question 46

Interosseus Dorsal + palmar test?

Answer 46

Dorsal - spread fingers out (DAB) Palmar - bring fingers back (PAD) Ulnar nerve