arm & elbow Flashcards
List the condyles of the humerus
Capitulum
Trochlear
List the epicondyles of the humerus and function
Medial
lateral
-primary site of muscle attachment
List the three fossa of the humerus
Olecranon
coronoid
radial
Humeroulnar articulation( type and action)
hinge
flexion and extension
humeroradial articulation(type and action)
modified hinge
- flexion/extension
- supination/pronation
proximal radioulnar (type and action)
pivot
supination/pronation
distal radioulnar (type and action)
pivot supination/pronation
Annular ligament
encircles head of the radius
holds the head of the radius against the ulna
protects against distal dislocation of the radius
Lateral collateral ligament
lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius
protects against medial deviation of forearm
taut in full extension
medial collateral ligament
Medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon process
what structures are close in extension?
Olecranon process is close to the distal humerus in the olecranon fossa
what structures are close in flexion?
Coronoid process and radius approach their respective fossa
what happens in supination and what is included?
radial head spins on the capitulum
- humeroradial joint
- proximal and distal radioulnar joints
What are the muscles acting on the elbow in the anterior compartment and what innervates them?
biceps brachii
brachialis
-Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the muscles acting on the elbow in the posterior compartment and what innervates them?
triceps
anconeus
brachioradialis
-Radial nerve
Biceps brachii(attachments)
- Short head: coracoid process of the scapula
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle
- both heads: radius via bicipital aponeurosis
Biceps brachii(action and innervation)
flexes elbow
supinates the forearm
-musculocutaneous nerve
Brachialis(attachments)
distal anterior humerus
coronoid process of the ulna
Brachialis(action and innervation)
Flexes forearm
-Musculocutaneous nerve
Triceps brachii(attachments)
Long head: intfraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: posterior inf. humerus
Medial head: posterior inf humerus
all heads: olecranon of the ulna
Triceps brachii(action and innervation)
Extend elbow
-radial nerve
Anoconeus(attachments)
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
olecranon of ulna
Anoconeus(action and innervation)
extends the forearm
radial nerve
brachioradialis (attachments)
Lateral portion of distal humerus
-lateral, distal radius
Brachioradialis (action and innervation)
flexes elbow
radial nerve
Supinator(attachments)
lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna
proximal radius
Supinator(action and innervation)
supinates forearm
-radial nerve
What are the muscles acting on the radioulnar joint?
Biceps brachii
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
Pronator Teres(attachments)
cornoid process and medial epicondyle
-lateral surface of radius
Pronator teres (action and innervation)
pronates and flexes forearm
median nerve
pronator quadratus(attachments)
Distal anterior ulna
distal anterior radius
pronator quadratus(action and innrvation)
pronates forearm
median nerve
