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Anatomy Module III > Arm and Elbow > Flashcards

Arm and Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Condyles

A

articulating surfaces

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2
Q

capitulum

A

condyle - articulating with the radius

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3
Q

trochlea

A

condyle articulating with the ulna

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4
Q

two epicondyles

A

medial and lateral and primarily sites of muscle attachment

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5
Q

three fossa

A

radial coronoid olecranoin

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6
Q

what side is the radial groove predominately seen on?

A

the posterior aspect - for the radial nerve

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7
Q

humeroulnar articulation

A

hinge with flexion and extension - ONLY MOVING IN ONE PLANE - saggital plane

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8
Q

humeroradial articulation

A

modified hinge joint

can move in two planes extension and flexion and supination and pronation

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9
Q

proximal radioulnar articulation

A

pivot with supination and pronation
sharing the same joint capsule as the humeroradial and humeroulnar articulations
so single fibrous capsule for these three joints

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10
Q

distal radioulnar articulation

A

also a pivot joint with supination and pronation

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11
Q

annular ligament

A

holds the head of the radius to the ulna and also holds it to the humerus - encircling it
prevents distal dislocation of the radius = annular ligament

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12
Q

lateral collateral ligament

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of the radius
protects against medial deviation of forearm
taut in full extension

on the sides - medial and lateral
checking against too much movement in the opposite direction
-on thumb side

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13
Q

medial collateral ligament

A

medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon process
protecting against lateral deviation of forearm - pinky side

makes sense medial is protecting against lateral deviation

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14
Q

what does tommy john surgery fix?

A

ulnar collateral ligaemnt (UCL) reconstruction

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15
Q

extension and flexion position of the radius/ulna and humerus articulations

A

olecranon process of ulna and olecranon fossa of the humerus in close proximity during extension

Flexion - the olecranon process moves distal from the humerus and the radius articulates with the capitulum and the ulna articulates with the trochlea and the coronoid fossa

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16
Q

what is moving in supination and pronation

A

humeroradial joint and proximal and distal radioulnar joints - THE RADIUS ROTATES OVER THE ULNA

supination occurs when the radius head SPINS over the capitulum and is the only bone moving - NOT THE ULNA - radius is spinning around the ulna

17
Q

Anterior compartment muscles acting on the elbow

A

biceps brachii and brachialis

  • innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
18
Q

Posterior compartment muscles acting on the elbow

A

triceps brachii
anconeus
brachioradialis

all innervated by the radial nerve

19
Q

Biceps Brachii
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment :
Long head - supraglenoid tubercle
Short head - coracoid process of the scapula

Action - elbow flexion and weak shoulder flexion
Forearm supination

Innervation - musculocutaneous

20
Q

brachialis
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - distal/ anterior humerus to the coronoid process of the ulna
Action - flexes the forearm
Innervation

21
Q

Triceps Brachii
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment
Long head - infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral Head - posterior/ superior humerus
Medial Head- posterior inferior humerus
ALL HEADS THEN ATTACHING TO THE OLECRANON PROCESS OF ULNA

Action - extend elbow ( long head can also extend the shoulder)

Innervation - radial nerve

22
Q

heads of the triceps

A

long head
lateral head
medial head

23
Q

Anoconeus
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the olecranon of the ulna

Action - extends the FOREARM

Innervation - radial nerve

24
Q

Brachioradialis
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - lateral distal humerus to lateral distal radius

Action - FLEXION of arm - due to developmental process

Innervation - RADIAL nerve to developmental origin

25
Q

muscles acting on the radioulnar joints

A

supinator
biceps brachii
pronator teres
pronator quadratus

26
Q

where does the radius go when you pronate?

A

towards the THUMB

27
Q

supinator
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna to proximal radius

Action - supinates forearm

Innervation - radial nerve - because posterior muscle in anatomical position

28
Q

pronator teres
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - medial epicondyle and the coronoid process of ulna to the lateral aspect of the radius

Action - pronation of the forearm

Innervation - median nerve

29
Q

pronator quadratus
Attachment
Action
Innervation

A

Attachment - distal anterior of ulna to distal anterior of radius

Action - pronator muscle

Innervation- median nerve

Anatomy Module III (7 decks)

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