Arguments based on Observation Flashcards
What are the two kinds of arguments for observation?
Teleological and Cosmological arguments
What is a contingent being?
Something which is dependent on something else for its existence
What is a necessary being?
Something which is required to exist and is self caused
What is the definition of causation?
The chain of cause and effect in the universe
What is the definition of a skeptic?
Someone who doubts and requires empirical evidence
Define A Posteriori
Knowledge gained through experience
Define A Priori
Knowledge gained through logic
What is an inductive argument?
An argument with a probable conclusion, not a sure one
What is a synthetic statement?
A statement which needs a posteriori knowledge to verify
What is an analytic statement?
Something you can know is true A Priori (bachalor are unmarried)
What is the principle of sufficient reason?
Everything must have a reason for why it is
What is the Fallacy of Composition?
Assuming the properties of part of a thing are the properties of that thing
Who was Frederick Copleston?
A theist who claimed Russell “could not win the game if he did not sit down at the table”
Who is Bertrand Russell?
A philosopher who concludes that the universe is a “brute fact”
What is Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz linked to?
Supporting the cosmological argument via the principle of sufficient reason
