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School > Architecture > Flashcards

Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

abacus

A

a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell

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2
Q

acanthus

A

a stylized ornamental motif based on a characteristic Mediterranean plant with jagged leaves

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3
Q

agora

A

an open space that served as a meeting ground for various activities of the citizens

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4
Q

architrave

A

a horizontal beam that rests directly on the top of a row of columns

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5
Q

base

A

architectural element on which a column or pier rests

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6
Q

bouleuterion

A

the town hall of an ancient town or city

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7
Q

capital

A

crowning member of a column, pier, anta, pilaster, or other columnar form, providing a structural support for the horizontal member (entablature) or arch above

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8
Q

cella

A

the body of a temple (as distinct from the portico) in which the image of the deity is housed

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9
Q

column

A

a vertical element with a rounded, squared or polygonal shaft, a capital and a base

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10
Q

cornice

A

the decorated projection at the top of a wall provided to protect the wall face or to ornament and finish the eaves

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11
Q

dentil

A

a small tooth-shaped block used as a repeating ornament in the bedmould of a cornice

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12
Q

drum

A

any of the cylindrical stone blocks composing a column that is not a monolith

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13
Q

echinus

A

one of grooves of the the ‘necking’, which is the upper continuation of the shaft of the column

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14
Q

entablature

A

a horizontal part in classical architecture that rests on the columns and consists of architrave, frieze, and cornice

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15
Q

entasis

A

the convex curve given to a column, spire, or similar upright member,

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16
Q

fascia

A

the panelling that runs just beneath the edge of the roof of a building

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17
Q

flute

A

shallow grooves running along a surface

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18
Q

frieze

A

a long and narrow sculptural band that runs along the middle of an entablature

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19
Q

Hellenistic

A

focuses on theatricality, drama, and the experience of the viewer

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20
Q

hippodrome

A

a stadium-like structure used for horse racing and chariot racing

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21
Q

hypostyle

A

a building having rows of columns supporting its roof

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22
Q

mausoleum

A

an above ground free-standing structure that have crypts or burial compartments to hold whole human remains

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23
Q

metope

A

a rectangular architectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze

24
Q

naos

A

A shrine, usually monolithic, in which the image of an Egyptian deity was kept, especially in temple sanctuaries

25
Q

opisthodomos

A

A porch at the rear of a temple, set against the blank back wall of the cella.

26
Q

palaestra

A

a rectangular court surrounded by colonnades with adjoining rooms

27
Q

pediment

A

triangular gable forming the end of the roof slope over a portico

28
Q

peristyle

A

a continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building

29
Q

petrification

A

when the organic matter is completely replaced by minerals and the fossil is turned to stone

30
Q

pronaos

A

the outer part of an ancient Greek temple forming a portico immediately in front of the cella

31
Q

propylon

A

a dignified entrance between columns to a sanctuary

32
Q

rosette

A

a round, stylized flower design

33
Q

scotia

A

a concave molding used especially in classical architecture in the bases of columns

34
Q

shaft

A

a long, narrow, vertical cylinder that in some orders is articulated with fluting

35
Q

stereobate

A

the foundation or base upon which a building or the like is erected

36
Q

stylobate

A

is the top step of the crepidoma,

37
Q

tholos

A

a form of building with a round structure with a circular wall and a roof,

38
Q

trabeated

A

a term used in architecture to describe the use of post and lintel construction

39
Q

triglyph

A

the vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze

40
Q

volute

A

a spiral scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order

41
Q

torus

A

a large convex molding commonly forming the lowest molding of the base of a column

42
Q

forecourt

A

a courtyard at the front of a building

43
Q

kerb

A

the edge where a raised sidewalk or road median/central reservation meets a street or other roadway

44
Q

peristalith

A

a four-sided porch or hallway of columns surrounding the cella

45
Q

dolmen

A

a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or “table”

46
Q

orthostat

A

An upright stone or slab forming part of a structure or set in the ground

47
Q

menhir

A

A tall upright stone of a kind erected in western Europe

48
Q

trilithon

A

a structure consisting of two large vertical stones (posts) supporting a third stone set horizontally across the top (lintel)

49
Q

port hole slab

A

a circular hole, often forming the entrance to a megalithic chamber tomb

50
Q

portal stone

A

an opening in a wall of a building

51
Q

petroform

A

shapes and geometrical patterns made from arranging large rocks and boulders

52
Q

megalith

A

a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument

53
Q

petroglyph

A

an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art

54
Q

capstone

A

a finishing stone atop an exterior wall or roof

55
Q

cycolith

A

a harmonious mix of white cubic houses, cobblestone streets, pristine windmills, and ubiquitous blue-domed churches

56
Q

alignment

A

designing architectures at the infrastructure, application, and business levels such that each fits optimally with the other architectures

57
Q

taula

A

a traditional Indian system of architecture which literally translates to “science of architecture”

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