arable crops Flashcards
what are the environmental influences on productivity of cereals
solar radiation interception/ LAI
solar radiation utilisation - hoe efficiently is radiation being used to create biomass
dry matter partitioning reproductive vs vegetative biomass
management factors influencing LAI and LAD
weed competition
nutrition
irrigation
diseases
insect pests
when and why are peas harvested
harvested fresh while imature
high muisture
sweet
tender
limited shelf life
processed to maintain shelf life
peas sown in
spring
husbandry of peas
not responsive to fertiliser
intolerant of wet soils due to fungal root rots
harvesting difficulties - pods close to the ground
pea quality for human consumption influenced by rainfall before harvest
field pea guidelines for high yields in canterbury
established 80 plants m-2
at least 90% ground cover when the canopy is fully developed
harvest index of at least 45% at maturity
maize crops are what type of plant and thus are intolerant of what
c4 and intolerant to cold temperatures
maize is monoecious which is
separate male and female flowers on the same plant
facilitate hybridisation
maize cultivars in New Zealand are …. these are created by crossing two or more inbred lines what are the difference between early and late maturing hybrids
hybrids
early maturing yield less than late maturing hybrids
what does CRM stand for
comparative relative maturity
eg 90 verses 100
hybrid numbering explain:
P8805
P8000
p- pioner
88- (CRM 88)
husbandry of maize
plant 80,000-100,000 plants
soil temp must be 10 degrees and rising
match hybrid with the environment
lowering grain moister lowers drying costs
characteristics of barley
c-3
tolerates a wide range of environments
winter and spring types
end use and quality of barley
70% feed
pig industry
few grain quality issues
25%malting
brewing
must meet grain quality specifications
effects of sowing date and irrigation on barley yeild
no irrigation doesn’t pass screenings
irrigation passes screenings only if planted in mid-September
