Arabic Flashcards
الخليل
Hebron
Arabic: الخليل al-Khalīl,
Hebrew: חֶבְרוֹן
Palestinian[5][6][7][8] city in the southern West Bank, 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Jerusalem.
ذمي
A dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي ḏimmī, IPA: [ˈðɪmmiː], collectively أهل الذمة ahl al-ḏimmah/dhimmah “the people of the dhimma”) is a historical[1] term referring to non-Muslim citizens of an Islamic state
شيخ
Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh, Shaikh, Shekh, Cheikh, Šeih, Šejh, Şeyh and other variants (Arabic: شيخ, shaykh; pl. شيوخ shuyūkh), is a word or honorific term in the Arabic language that literally means “elder.”
رمضان
Ramadan, also transliterated as Ramadhan, Ramazan and Ramzan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar,
فرض
Fardh (Arabic: فرض) or farīḍah (فريضة) is an Islamic term which denotes a religious duty commanded by Allah (God).
حافظ
Hafiz), literally meaning “guardian,” is a term used by Muslims for someone who has completely memorized the Qur’an. Hafiza is the female equivalent.
سنة
Sunnah is the way of life prescribed as normative for Muslims on the basis of the teachings and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and interpretations of the Islamic holy book, the Quran.
إفطار
Iftar (Arabic: إفطار ifṭār ‘breakfast’) is the evening meal when Muslims end their daily Ramadan fast at sunset.
الخليل
Hebron (Arabic: About this sound الخليل al-Khalīl; is a Palestinian city located in the southern West Bank, 30 km (19 mi) south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies 930 meters (3,050 ft) above sea level.
The city is venerated by Jews, Christians, and Muslims for its association with Abraham.[16] It is viewed as a holy city in Islam and Judaism
كُوفِيَّة
The keffiyeh or kufiyya (Arabic: كُوفِيَّة, romanized: kūfīyya, lit. ’coif’),[1] also known in Arabic as a ghutrah (غُترَة), shemagh (شُمَاغ šumāġ), or ḥaṭṭah (حَطَّة), is a traditional headdress worn by people from parts of the Middle East.
عِقَال
An agal (Arabic: عِقَال; also spelled iqal, egal, or igal) is an Arab men’s clothing accessory. It is a black cord, worn doubled, used to keep a ghutrah (or keffiyeh) in place on the wearer’s head.[1] It is traditionally made of goat hair.[2]
حماس
54] an acronym of its official name, the Islamic Resistance Movement (حركة المقاومة الإسلامية Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah), is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist[
Arabic word ḥamās (حماس) which itself means “zeal”, “strength”, or “bravery”.
ا
ض
This is how you pronounce Daad (ض) in Arabic:
When you pronounce a “D” in English, the tip of your tongue touches the part where your top central incisors meet your gums. Move the tip of your tongue a little further back and pronounce the letter “D” again. The resulting sound is much “thicker”. This is the Arabic letter Daad (ض).In Modern Standard Arabic and many dialects, it represents an “emphatic” /d/, and it might be pronounced as a pharyngealized voiced alveolar stop [dˤ]ⓘ, pharyngealized voiced dental stop [d̪ˤ] or velarized voiced dental stop [d̪ˠ].[1]
ﺫ
The Arabic letter dhal is pronounced dh like in the English word ‘this’.
In the phonetic alphabet, the pronunciation of dhal is written [ð]. Voiced dental fricative in IPA. On this website, I write the pronunciation dh.
ـّـ
The shadda or shaddah ⟨شَدَّة⟩ (shaddah), or tashdid ⟨تَشْدِيد⟩ (tashdīd), is a diacritic shaped like a small written Latin “w”.
It is used to indicate gemination (consonant doubling or extra length), which is phonemic in Arabic. It is written above the consonant which is to be doubled. It is the only ḥarakah that is commonly used in ordinary spelling to avoid ambiguity. For example: ⟨دّ⟩ /dd/; madrasah ⟨مَدْرَسَة⟩ (‘school’) vs. mudarrisah ⟨مُدَرِّسَة⟩ (‘teacher’, female).
ئ ؤ إ أ ء
Although normally a diacritic is not considered a letter of the alphabet, the hamza هَمْزة (hamzah, glottal stop), often stands as a separate letter in writing, is written in unpointed texts and is not considered a tashkīl. It may appear as a letter by itself or as a diacritic over or under an alif, wāw, or yā.
أبجد
An abjad (/ˈæbdʒæd/,[1] Arabic: أبجد), also abgad,[2][3] is a writing system in which only consonants are represented, leaving vowel sounds to be inferred by the reader.
ـْـ
The sukūn ⟨سُكُونْ⟩ is a circle-shaped diacritic placed above a letter ( ْ). It indicates that the consonant to which it is attached is not followed by a vowel, i.e., zero-vowel.
حَرَكَات
ḥarakāt (حَرَكَات; singular: حَرَكَة, ḥarakah
The ḥarakāt حَرَكَات, which literally means ‘motions’, are the short vowel marks.
Ḥarakāt diacritics (examples in blue)—which is used in the Qur’an but not in most written Arabic—indicate short vowels, long consonants, and some other vocalizations.
ٱلْقُرْآن
Qur’an ⟨ٱلْقُرْآن⟩ (al-Qurʾān)
ٱ
The waṣlah ⟨وَصْلَة⟩, alif waṣlah ⟨أَلِف وَصْلَة⟩ or hamzat waṣl ⟨هَمْزَة وَصْل⟩ looks like a small letter ṣād on top of an alif ⟨ٱ⟩ (also indicated by an alif ⟨ا⟩ without a hamzah). It means that the alif is not pronounced when its word does not begin a sentence. For example: ⟨بِٱسْمِ⟩ (bismi), but ⟨ٱمْشُوا۟⟩ (imshū not mshū).
تَنوِين
Nunation (Arabic: تَنوِين, tanwīn), in some Semitic languages such as Literary Arabic
ـٌ ـٍ ـً
The three vowel diacritics may be doubled at the end of a word to indicate that the vowel is followed by the consonant n. They may or may not be considered ḥarakāt and are known as tanwīn ⟨تَنْوِين⟩, or nunation. The signs indicate, from left to right, -un, -in, -an.
ــٰ
The superscript (or dagger) alif ⟨أَلِف خَنْجَرِيَّة⟩ (alif khanjarīyah), is written as short vertical stroke on top of a consonant. It indicates a long /aː/ sound for which alif is normally not written. For example: ⟨هَٰذَا⟩ (hādhā) or ⟨رَحْمَٰن⟩ (raḥmān).
ـٓ آ
The maddah ⟨مَدَّة⟩ is a tilde-shaped diacritic, which can only appear on top of an alif (آ) and indicates a glottal stop /ʔ/ followed by a long /aː/.
For example: ⟨قُرْآن⟩ /qurˈʔaːn/.
آ
Alif mamdūda: آ
edit
The alif maddah is a double alif, expressing both a glottal stop and a long vowel. Essentially, it is the same as a أا sequence: آ (final ـآ) ’ā /ʔaː/, for example in آخر ākhir /ʔaːxir/ ‘last’.
(ء)
Arabic currently uses a punctuation mark called the hamzah (ء) to denote the glottal stop [ʔ], written alone or with a carrier:
alone: ء
with a carrier: إ أ (above or under an alif), ؤ (above a wāw), ئ (above a dotless yā’ or yā’ hamzah).
In academic work, the hamzah is transliterated with the modifier letter right half ring (ʾ), while the modifier letter left half ring (ʿ) transliterates the letter ‘ayn (ع), which represents a different sound, not found in English.
ـُ
The ḍammah ⟨ضَمَّة⟩ is a small curl-like diacritic placed above a letter to represent a short /u/ (as in “duke”, shorter “you”) and its allophones [u, ʊ, o, o̞, ɔ] (as in “put”, or “bull”). For example: ⟨دُ⟩ /du/.[4]
مع
Prepositionwithtogether withforSee dictionary
A nice steak with a bottle of red wine
شريحة لحم لطيفة مع زجاجة من النبيذ الأحمر
أب
Noun father dad
له
Pronoun his it its
عائلة
NounfamilyhouseSee dictionary
She has the sole responsibility for a large family
تتحمل المسؤولية الوحيدة عن عائلة كبيرة
