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508 midterm 2 > Aquatic Therapy > Flashcards

Aquatic Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrotherapy forms

A
  • whirlpools
  • jacuzzi’s
  • pools
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2
Q

therapeutic indications for hydrotherapy

A
  • alternative exercise medium
  • wound care
  • advantage of immersion properties
  • pain reducing environment
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3
Q

AMAs definition of aquatic PT

A

a therapeutic procedure which attempt to improve function through the application of therapeutic aquatic exercises. Procedures require constant attendance of a therapist educated in performing aquatic therapeutic exercises

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4
Q

Aquatic Physical Therapy includes but is not limited to

A

treatment, rehabilitation, prevention, health, wellness and fitness of patient/client populations in an aquatic environment with or without the use of assistive, adaptive, orthotic, protective, or supportive devices and equipment

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5
Q

what are aquatic physical therapy interventions are designed to improve or maintain

A
  • aerobic conditioning
    -balance
    -coordination and agility
    -body mechanics
  • postural stabilization
  • flexibility
  • gait and locomotion
  • relaxation
  • muscle strength and power
  • endurance
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6
Q

what is adapted aquatics

A

a learn to swim program for individuals with disabilities

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7
Q

aquatic fitness/ aerobics

A

aquatic exercise that is distinctively not swimming and not skilled therapy services : “therapeutic exercise” , but is performed in a face-out, vertical position in various depths of water with the intent of improving physical health.
- activity geared toward maintenance, fitness and general health goals.
- No documentation and not insurance coverage

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8
Q

Aquatic PT

A

skilled service that requires
- clinical reasoning and decision making
- pt is involved with injury or disability that has potential for improvement (minimize disability and/or eliminate impairment
- pt has potential for improving QOL or reduction in burden of care
- therapy is provided based on standards of care and follows state and federal practice act.

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9
Q

how to become aquatic PT

A
  • “PTs with expertise in the field of aquatic therapy”
  • Research grants available
  • not a board certification or credential and this point
  • CAPTCC: certificate in Aquatic Physical Therapy Clinical Competency ( 7 online learning modules and 3- day pool course
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10
Q

general benefits of aquatic therapy

A
  • Improve circulation, strength and endurance, balance and coordination
  • Increasing ROM
  • Decrease tissue swelling
  • Normalize muscle tone
  • Protect joints during exercise
  • Reduce stress
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11
Q

Indications for aquatics

A
  • Orthopedic conditions - injury/trauma
  • Weight- bearing restrictions
  • joint replacement (TKA/THA)
  • obesity
  • pre/post - natal dysfunction
  • Neurologic conditions (parkinson’s, MS, CP)
  • spinal cord injury
  • Rheumatologic conditions
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12
Q

Unique Physical Properties of Water

A

1) Buoyancy
2) hydrostatic pressure
3) drag
4) temperature

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13
Q

buoyancy

A

the upward force that works opposite of gravity
- the deeper you take the pt the more buoyant they will be (54% when immersed up tot he waist, 35% at mid-chest, 8% at the neck)

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14
Q

why promote buoyancy

A
  • enable pt to feel safe and relatively independent
  • allow buoyancy to do come of the work
  • make work harder by demanding the patient fight against buoyancy
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15
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

-pressure is immersed on objects
- pascal’s law
- hydrostatic pressure increased with water density and depth

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16
Q

application of hydrostatic pressure

A

increases pressure decreases effusion, assists in venous return, induces bradycardia and centralizes peripheral blood flow.
Harder for people with puenmonary issues in water.

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17
Q

drag definition

A

cumulative effect of turbulence and fluid viscosity acting on an object in motion

18
Q

drag application

A
  • as movement speed increases so does resistance
  • moving water past the pt required more work to maintain same position
  • equipment increases amount of drag and resistance
19
Q

temperature in water

A

-differences in temperature reach equilibrium with only minimal changes to temperature of water
-water retains heat 100 times more than air

20
Q

application of water temperature

A
  • the body is less able to dissipate heat in water than in air
  • pt will be more sensitive to even small changes in water temperature than they would be to air temperature
  • water can penetrate to deeper tissues with increased time.
21
Q

water temperature guidelines

A
  • generally cooler water for higher intensity exercises and warmer for mobility, flexibility and muscle relaxation
  • 79 - 82 F : cardiovascular training and aerobic exercise
  • 84 - 90 F: flexibility, gait training, relaxation
  • 91 F: therapeutic ex for pts with acute painful musculoskeletal injuries
22
Q

physiological effects of aquatics

A
  • increase pulmonary blood flow ( can help reduce swelling)
  • increase central blood volume and pressure
  • increase in central blood volume
  • hydrostatic pressure on chest wall will increase the work of breathing by 65 %, reduces vital capacity of the lungs by about 6 percent, and reduce the expiratory reserve volume
23
Q

contraindications for aquatic therapy

A
  • incipient cardiac failure and unstable agina
  • respiratory dysfunction (vital capacity <1L)
  • severe peripheral vascular disease
  • severe kidney disease
  • open wounds, colostomy and skin infections
  • bowel and bladder incontinence
  • uncontrolled seizures
24
Q

precautions of aquatic therapy

A
  • fear of water
  • neurologic/ cognitive disorders
  • seizures (well controlled)
  • cardiac dysfunction
  • small open wounds and lines (small area and well controlled)
  • skin conditions or irritations to chemical in pool
25
Q

stretching in the pool

A
  • follow the same basic principles as normal stretching
  • water can provide a calming environment for pain relief that will allow for pt relaxation
26
Q

Strengthening in the pool

A
  • resistance is speed dependent
  • position can allow therapist to use buoyancy/ resistance for pt assistance and resistance
  • open and closed chain is possible
  • PNF
  • Lumbar spine stabilization
  • manual resistance
27
Q

aerobic conditioning in the pool

A
  • deep water running
  • immersed treadmill running
  • immersed equipment
  • swimming stokes
28
Q

balance in the pool

A
  • can challenge pt more because there is less of a fall risk
  • able to elicit balance challenges which pt has an increased time to respond to loss episodes
29
Q

pregnancy in the pool

A
  • decreased wt bearing
  • helps control peripheral edema
  • less elevation to HR, BP, and body temperature with exercise (keep HR under 140 bpm
30
Q

sensory input in the pool

A
  • movement through the water elicits greater somatosensory input then moving through the air
  • viscosity of the water causes distention or stretching of the skin resulting in stimulation of mechanoreceptors which in turn may increase amount of proprioceptive input to the brain
  • movement must occur for increased sensory input
31
Q

arthritis in the pool

A
  • increase aerobic acitvity
  • decrease pain level
  • increase level of function
  • increase joint AROM
32
Q

Aquatic PNF

A
  • consists of spiral and diagonal patterns and must incorporate flexion or extension, ab or ad and rot
  • client has to be verbally, visually or tactilely instructed in the movement patterns while in the pool
  • can be done actively or passively
  • aims to improve motor skill through positive motor transfer
33
Q

BackHab

A
  • aquatic walking program using strides
  • individual can do on own
  • delevoped for people with back problems but now being uses by group disability programs
  • excellent for gait re-training
  • focus on coordination of all body parts, vs just the affected area
34
Q

fluid moves (aquatic feldenkrais)

A
  • uses gentle movement and directed attention
  • aimes to increase ease and range of motion, improve flexibility and coordination, enhance the function/ functional integration
35
Q

Watsu

A
  • modeled after zen shiatsu message principles
  • client held or cradles in warm water and provider moving them resulting in a drag effect to cause a stretch of contralateral limb
  • used for pain reduction, increased ROM, increased circulation, psychological problems, relaxation, stress reduction
  • used in rehab programs for othopedic problems, physical disabilities, pregnancy and the elderly
36
Q

what are collars, rings, belts, and vests used for

A
  • positioning by increasing buoyancy
  • assists in patient relaxation and comfort
37
Q

what are dumbbells in the pool used for?

A

for positioning for ther ex

38
Q

what are gloves, fins, paddles, and boots used for?

A

provide resistance to UE and LE

39
Q

what are kkckboards and mats used for

A

help patients float

40
Q

what is in minimum depth of a pool used for therapy?

A

4 feet

508 midterm 2 (7 decks)

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