Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Approaches to AS psychology > Flashcards

Approaches to AS psychology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Who established the first psychology laboratory

A

Wilhelm Wundt (1875)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Wundt known as

A

the father of psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is introspection

A

the examination of ones own thought processes to examine their feelings, emotions and sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the biological approach

A

behaviours are affected by:
1. genetics
2. the CNS
3. the chemistry of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are hormones

A

chemicals secreted by the endocrine system into the blood and other bodily fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is genotype

A

the genetic makeup of an individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is phenotype

A

the characteristics showed by an individual because of their genes and the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the CNS

A
  • central nervous system
  • the system is made up of the brain and spinal chord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the PNS

A
  • peripheral nervous system
  • the system which accompanies the CNS running throughout the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a neuron

A

a nerve cell which transfers information throughout the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the endocrine system

A

the system which affects the transfer and secretion of hormones throughout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are neurotransmitters

A

chemicals within the brain fluid that transfer signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of the endocrine system

A

to maintain levels of hormones in the blood and other bodily fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most important gland
Where is it located

A
  • pituitary gland
  • brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the autonomic system

A
  • part of PNS
  • important for survival of the individual and affects the reaction to a threat and then brings the body back to homeostasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the somatic system

A
  • part of PNS
  • comprises of muscles connected to the skeleton therefore allowing movement
17
Q

What are assumptions on the behaviourist approach

A
  • behaviour is learned through experience
  • thought processes are subjective
  • we are born a blank state so there’s no genetic influence on behaviour
18
Q

What is classical conditioning

A

learning by association

19
Q

What is some work of CC

A
  • Watson and Rayner (1920)
  • Little Albert
  • highly unethical
  • done by a presentation of an unconditioned stimulus of a loud noise at the same time as he touched a rat
  • eventually little Albert cried when he was shown a rat
20
Q

What CC study was the first to be documented

A
  • Pavlov’s dogs
  • Dogs would learn that the ringing of a bell would mean food so therefore they would begin to salivate
21
Q

What is operant conditioning

A

learning by consequence

22
Q

What are the three ways OC happens by

A
  1. positive reinforcement
  2. negative reinforcement
  3. punishment
23
Q

How does Skinner’s research show OC

A
  • electric shock to rat was punishment so rats wouldn’t repeat a behaviour
  • the electrified floor is negative reinforcement so not to get electrified
  • the food pellet is positive reinforcement for behaviours to be repeated
24
Q

What are assumptions of social learning theory

A
  • behaviour is learned from the environment
  • behaviour is learned from observing others
25
Q

What is research into social learning theory

A
  • Bandura bobo doll experiment
  • 36 male 36 female p’s with a mean age of 4
  • they were split into 2 groups one saw an aggressive model one saw a non aggressive model
  • results show the children acted similar to what they saw showing behaviours can happen through observation
26
Q

What is vicarious reinforcement

A

when a person learns by the consequences of another persons behaviour
e.g. a child getting rewarded for doing work will likely make other children want to get the reward so would also do the work

27
Q

What is a schema

A

a collection of ideas about a person or situation formed through experience which helps the individual to understand and predict the world around them

Psychology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions