Approaches Flashcards

1
Q

Syntax

A

Sentence structure

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2
Q

Androcentric

A

Focused/centered around men

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3
Q

Allusion

A

Text makes implicit/explicit reference to another text

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4
Q

Intertextuality

A

The variety of ways in which texts interact with each other

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5
Q

Register

A

The kind of language we use is affected by the context in which we use it.

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6
Q

Constative utterances

A

Language that makes a statement describing a state of affairs, is true or false. e.g. “I’m walking to town”

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7
Q

Performative utterances

A

Language that is not true or false and that performs the action to which it refers e.g. ‘I promise to pay you’

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8
Q

Implicit performatives

A

Language in which there is no explicitly performative verb, yet which can still be interpreted as a perforative utterance e.g. “I will pay you tomorrow”

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9
Q

Kristeava’s theories of ‘symbolic’ and ‘semiotic’

A

Symbolic - authority, order, repression, fathers, control, maintains fiction that self is fixed and unified, structuralist, orderly surface, strict distinctions, conscious.

Semiotic - randomized way of making connections that increases range of possibilities, improvisations, approximations, accidents, post-structuralism, unconscious.

The deconstruction process = unconscious (semiotic/imaginary) emerging into and disrupting conscious (symbolic) meaning.

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10
Q

Tenor

A

Subject of a metaphor

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11
Q

Vehicle

A

Metaphorical term itself

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12
Q

Implicit metaphor

A

Tenor of a metaphor (subject) not specified, only implied

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13
Q

Mixed metaphor

A

Conjoins two or more obviously diverse vehicles (metaphorical term itself, within a metaphor). A succession of incongruous or ludicrous comparisons.

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14
Q

Dead metaphor

A

A metaphor that has been used for so long, we are no longer aware of the discrepancy between vehicle and tenor. e.g. “the heart of the matter”

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15
Q

Metonymy

A

The literal term for one thing, applied to another with which it has become associated because of recurrent relation in common experience e.g. Hollywood used to mean the film industry

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16
Q

Synecdoche

A

When part of something is used to signify a whole (e.g. wheels=car)

17
Q

Kenning

A

The recurrent use of a descriptive phrase in place of the ordinary name for something

18
Q

Rhetoric

A

Type of discourse, whose chief aim is to persuade the audience to feel, think or act in a particular way.

19
Q

Anaphora

A

Repetition of word/phrase at beginning of sequence

20
Q

Apostrophe

A

Direct address to absent person or abstract/nonhuman entity.

21
Q

Paralipsis

A

Someone says they won’t do something, then proceeds to do so.

22
Q

Paradigmatic chain

A

e.g. house, shed, hut mansion, palace

23
Q

Signifying system

A

Organized and structured set of signs that carries cultural meanings.

24
Q

Mimesis

A

A generalized, universalized reconstruction of the facts of reality. Doesn’t just describe reality, but teaches us about reality in general.

25
Q

Non-self-reflexive-language

A

Doesn’t draw attention to itself as language

26
Q

Dialogic

A

Texts which allow the expression of variety of points of view, leading reader with open questions.