approaches Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is introspection
where someone would record all of their conscious thoughts
what are the 4 parts to the biological approach
1.evolution and behaviour
2. genes ans behaviour
3. neuroanatomy
4.neurochemistry and behaviour
what is evoliution
the gradual change within a species over several generations in response to the environment
what is natural selection
were inherited characteristics that enhance our survival are passed onto the next generation. this occcurs over thousands of generations
what is adaptive
a behaviour or trait that increases the chance of survival and boosts reproductive sucess
what are some key behaviours that have survival value
fight or flight
sex
mother nurturing child
what is a phenotype
the result of our genetic material interacting wihtt the environment
what is neuroanatomy
the study of the brain
what ares of the brain links to neuroanatomy in the bio approach
brocas and wernickes areas
what is neurochemistry
the study of chemical processes that take place in the brain
what are 3 examples of neurotransmitters
GABA
adrenaline
serotonin
what parts do the learning theory divide into
1.behaviourism- clasical and operant conditioning
2. social learning theory
outline classical conditioning
learning through association:
- UCS = UCR
- NS + UCS =UCR
- CS = CR
outline operant conditioning
learning through consequences:
skinners box: getting animal to push button to recieve either a postive or negative reinforcement
what is a primary reinforcer
anythingt hat fufills a basic biological/physicologicla need e.g. food, water
what is a secondaryt reinforcer
something that gives you the primary reinforcer e.g. caregiver giving a baby food
whats continuous reinforcement
desired behaviour is reinforced every single time it occurs
what are the 2 types of partial reinforcements and what do they do
fixed ratio- where there is a scheduale when a reward gets given
varaible ration- where rewards is given after a certain amout of times action is done but it changes every time
what are the types of reinforcement
- positive reinforcement- increases behaviour to get reward
- negative reinforcement- increases behaviuour to avoid a punishment
- punishment
what is the social learning theory
where u learn thorugh imitation and observing models you identify with. to remeber the process of imitation u can use ARRM
what are the 4 parts to the congintive approach
- study of internal mental processes
2.
