approach to Renal patient

Question 1

normal urine output for dogs and cats?

Answer 1

15-45ml/kg/d

Question 2

problems that suggest urinary dz, not related to urinary issues

Answer 2

depression, halitosis, collapse, post trauma, abdo distension, v+, suspected constipation

Question 3

abnormal findings on clin path

Answer 3

azotaemia, proteinuria, polycythaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hyperkalaemia

Question 4

how to dx UUT

Answer 4

bloods more helpful

Question 5

how to dx LUT

Answer 5

urinalysis and dx imaging, bloods may help

Question 6

clinical signs for UUT

Answer 6

abnormal renal palpation, oral ulceration, PU/PD, depression, halitosis, lethargy

Question 7

clinical signs for LUT

Answer 7

dysuria, pollakiuria, abnormal abdo palp, abnormal external genitalia

Question 8

common causes of UT signs for UUT

Answer 8

CKD, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, developmental abnormalities, neoplasia, nephron/ureterolithiasis, ARF/AKI

Question 9

common causes of UT signs for LUT

Answer 9

neoplasia, urolithiasis, cystitis, uroliths, obstruction, FLUTD, trauma, functional/developmental abnormalities