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ECOS2 Exam 1 > Approach To GU Complaint > Flashcards

Approach To GU Complaint Flashcards

1
Q

Gonadarche

A

Activation of gonads fo FSH and LH

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2
Q

Adrenarche

A

Increased androgen hormone from adrenal cortex

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3
Q

Thelarche

A

Breast tissue develops from E made in ovaries

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4
Q

Menarche
Spermarche
Pubarche

A

First menstruation
First sperm production
First pubic hair

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5
Q

Female puberty

A

10yo-14yo

Secondary sex characteristics and menarche

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6
Q

Male puberty

A

11yo-16yo

Secondary sex and pubic growth

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7
Q

First sign of puberty in females is

Menarche starts at what tanner stage

A

Elevation of nipples

Between 3-4 stage

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8
Q

OB/GYN history

A 
Menstrual H (last mestruation)
GYN H (breasts, mammogram, Surg, Last Pap smear)
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9
Q

Gravida and para

A

G = pregnancies
P = viable births
So if a women gets twins : G1P1
Women with 3 children G3P3

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10
Q

Woman that’s pregnant and has 2 children gravida and para

A

G3P2

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11
Q

Women with 4 pregnancies, 1 spontaneous abortion at 14weeks, 1 fetal demise at 28 weeks
G and P

A

G4P2112

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12
Q

5 pregnancies , 3 term deliveries, 1 spontaneous abortion 12 weeks, 1 live delivery at 35weeks

A

G5P3114

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13
Q

Term
Preterm
Abortion
Live Delivery

A

> 37 weeks
20-37 weeks
<20 weeks
Live delivery any gestational age

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14
Q

How often should you get Pap smear

A

Every year for women without normal Pap smear

Every 5 years with women with normal pap smears and no HPV

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15
Q

When do you start mammograms

A

At 50yo or earlier if high risk

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16
Q

Pap smear

A

Papanicolaou test
Screen for cervical cancer from HPV
Cells from transition zone or cervix

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17
Q

Pelvic exam

A

Inspect external genitalia and internal genitalia

2 fingers into vagina and press down on uterus to feel it and the ovaries

18
Q

Sx: of ectopic Pregnancy

A

ABD pain and pelvic pain
With vaginal bleeding
N, breast tenderness can by present
TEST FOR PREGNANCY , if yes = do ultrasonogram, or transvaginal US

19
Q

UTI Sx:

A 
Dysuria, Polyuria
May have hematuria
*E coli
DO ABD exam
Lloyd’s punch
Urinalysis
Tx: Ab
20
Q

Well Male Exam

A

Prostate and testicle exam not yearly done

PSA testing prostate cancer :if FH

21
Q

Where to palpate during male genital exam

A

Squeeze top to see urethra
Palpate epididymis and testis and spermatic cord
And invaginate into scrotum to feel external inguinal ring

22
Q

How to test for enlarged prostate

A

Digital Rectal Exam

23
Q

How to feel for inguinal hernia

A

Put finer invaginating into scrotum and into external ring and tell pt to cough to feel for it
US, CT
If moderate to severe = surgery

24
Q

5 P’s for the sexual History

A 
Protection from Pregnancy 
Protection from STI
Partners
Practice 
Past STI history
25
Q

Which hernia can go into scrotum

A

Inguinal Hernia

26
Q

STI are what type or illness

A

Reportable

You have to report this to the health department

27
Q

How can you test for STI

A

Microscopy = stain slides to look at
Wet Mount = drop of sample under microscope
NAAT : PCR methods
Serological Testing :blood test to look for Ab

28
Q

Gonorrhea Sx:

A

BACTERIA
Men : penile discharge , Dysuria (can by asymptomatic)
Women : pelvic pain, mucopurulent vaginal discharge
——> can cause PID, scarring of Fallopian tube

29
Q

What should I order for Gonorrhea

Tx

A

Test endocervical, urethral, vaginal, pharyngeal, rectal, urine samples
Abs (can teat chlamydia also)

30
Q

Chlamydia Sx

A

BACTERIA
Can by asymptomatic
Male : penile discharge, pruritus, Dysuria
Female : vaginal discharge, ,vaginal bleeding, sex pain,dysuria
——> can lead to PID (pelvic Infam. Disease)and scarring of Fallopian tube

31
Q

Chlamydia what should I order

To

A

NAAT (came as Gonorrhea)
ABs
Counseling is key for all STIs

32
Q

Syphilis Sx and 4 phases

A

BACTERIA (Treponema pallium)

  1. Primary : painless genital ulcer
  2. Secondary : joint pain, fatigue, enlarged LN, rash,
  3. Latent : asymptomatic
  4. Tertiary neurosyphilis (confusions headache, stiff neck, vision loss)
33
Q

what to order for syphilis

Tx

A

Serological testing, Ab detection , microscopy

Ab penicillin

34
Q

What do syphilis look like in microscopy

A

Spiral and like small skinny snakes

35
Q

Genital Herpes

Sx

A

VIRUS
Single or clustered vesicles on genitals
Burn or tingle and pain can occur before vesicles come
Virus DNA travels down the axon to the spinal cord ganglion to live
——> can lead to meningitis, PID, Hepatitis, HIV increased risk

36
Q

Genital Herpes what should I order

Tx:

A

Serological test
PCR from lesion sample
Acyclovir (ant-viral)

37
Q

Trichomonasis

A

PROTOZOA

Females are more sympathetic (foul discharge, Dysuria), males are not usually

38
Q

What should I order for Trichomonasis

Tx

A

Wet mount or NAAT
Of vaginal or penile fluids
Metronidazole (anti-protozoal)

39
Q

What do Trichomonasis look like

A

Has a flagella and is round

40
Q

HPV Sx:

A

VIRUS, versatile
Genital warts
——> can lead to cancer or lower genital tract, and oropharyngeal region

41
Q

What do I order for HPV

Tx:

A

Pap smear (anal or vaginal)
Manage with Gardasil vaccine (11yo-26yo)
Routine pap smear

ECOS2 Exam 1 (15 decks)

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