Approach to GI and Liver Therapy Flashcards
what can we use to treat inflammation (IBD, hepatitis)?
glucocorticoids
cyclosporin
what is budesonide?
locally acting glucocorticoid effective for GI disease
what infections might we treat in the GI and liver?
parasites
bacterial
viral
protozoal
what infections can we see with bacteria in the liver?
neutrophilic cholangitis in cats
bacterial cholecystitis in dogs, can be associated with mucoceles
what neoplasms are common in the GI and liver?
round cell tumors
what is the vomiting center?
lateral reticular formation in medulla oblongata
afferent sensory co-ordination
efferent signals to initiate vomiting
what receptors are in the emetic center?
alpha 2-adrenergic
serotonergic
NK-1
which receptors are peripheral for vomiting?
5HT3
NK-1
what do the effects of ondansetron appear to be mediated primarily by?
its antagonism of the peripheral receptors
what should you do if you are treating nausea/vomiting?
give maropitant citrate
if still nauseated, especially if GI is causing it: add ondansetron
if ileus/gastric distension: consider metoclopramide instead or with ondansetron
what is the drug of choice for megacolon in cats?
cisapride
when are antacids indicated?
known ulceration
NSAID toxicity
esophagitis
should you give an antacid to combat gastric hyperacidity in a patient that is not eating?
no
is ALP or ALT more specific for liver injury?
ALT
which glucocorticoids can we use to treat inflammation?
prednisone/prednisolone for liver and GI
budesonide common for GI
what can we use to treat cestodes?
praziquantel
what can we use to treat trematodes?
praziquantel
what do we generally treat round cell tumors with?
chemotherapy
how do we usually treat primary GI and liver tumors?
surgery is treatment of choice
what does the vomiting center receive input from?
CRTZ
cerebral cortex
vestibular apparatus
visceral afferent
which receptors are in the chemoreceptors trigger zone?
dopaminergic
NK1
5HT3
cholinergic
histaminergic
which receptors are peripheral for vomiting?
5HT3
NK1
how does ondansetron primarily work?
antagonism of peripheral receptors
who should you not use capromorelin (growth hormone receptor agonist) in?
diabetics
what is the default reaction to elevated liver enzymes for many?
starting denosyl/denamarin
