Appreciation of Fine Arts Midterm

Question 1

long melodic phrases on a single syllable (done to emphasize specific words)

Answer 1

Melismatic Singing

Question 2

what are the three types of performance in melismatic singing

Answer 2

Responsorial
Antiphonal
Direct

Question 3

where two or more lines are moving independently from each other

Answer 3

Polyphony

Question 4

New idea of the Late Middle Ages

Answer 4

Gothic “Barbarian”

Question 5

lacks conformity with the Classical Greek and Roman architecture

Answer 5

Gothic “Barbarian”

Question 6

Gothic architecture

Answer 6

Pointed Arches
Ribbed Vault
Great expanses of glass
Flying Buttress
Gargoyles
Stained Glass
Rose widows

Question 7

sculptures were used primarily to decorate the exterior of the cathedral and were long and lean figures

Answer 7

Gothic Art: Sculptures

Question 8

First great Italian painter in a line of great artists who contributed to the Italian Renaissance.
Inspired by Greek art preserved in the Byzantine Empire
Pioneer of the Renaissance

Answer 8

Giotto di Bondone

Question 9

what are ultimately allowed the Italians to leap the barrier that separated sculpture from painting

Answer 9

Byzantine

Question 10

After what point is the history of art also the history of great artist

Answer 10

Gothic Art/ Lamentation of Christ

Question 11

Creation of notation allowed for other voice parts to be created

Answer 11

Polyphonic Music

Question 12

Additional notes written above the chant to embellish it
Music is mostly consonant
Original chant melody becomes called the “Tenor”

Answer 12

Polyphonic Music

Question 13

musical service of the Catholic Church

Answer 13

Mass

Question 14

Two types of Mass

Answer 14

Proper Mass and Ordinary Mass

Question 15

consists of varying chants to “be proper for” specific days of the year

Answer 15

Proper Mass

Question 16

consists of standard chants with unvarying texts

Answer 16

Ordinary Mass

Question 17

Ordinary mass texts:

Answer 17

Kyrie
Gloria
Credo
Sanctus
Angus Dei

Question 18

Lord have mercy

Answer 18

Kyrie

Question 19

Glory to God in the highest

Answer 19

Gloria

Question 20

I believe

Answer 20

Credo

Question 21

Holy, Holy, Holy

Answer 21

Sanctus

Question 22

Lamb of God

Answer 22

Angus Dei

Question 23

Composed by Guillaume de Machaut

Answer 23

Messe De Nostre Dame (Mass of our Lady)

Question 24

One of the best-known works in the entire repertoire of medieval music
Uses the ordinary of the Mass
Three new voices added to the preexisting chant

Answer 24

Messe Be Nostre Dame

Question 25

New voices from Machaut

Answer 25

Superius Contratenor Altus Tenor Contratenor Bassus

Question 26

Superius

Answer 26

soprano

Question 27

Contratenor Altus

Answer 27

Alto

Question 28

original Gregorian chant

Answer 28

Tenor

Question 29

Contratenor Bassus

Answer 29

Bass

Question 30

Consisted of thousands of sacred melodies sung in Latin Named after Pope Gregory I No regular rhythm Monophonic Free of tension or drama Vocal (no instrumental accompaniment) Syllabic singing- one syllable per note

Answer 30

Gregorian chant

Question 31

developed music notation

Answer 31

Early Medieval Music

Question 32

dashes and dotes to indicate vertical direction of a melody

Answer 32

Numes

Question 33

Development of notation

Answer 33

Church musicians create Western notation Staff lines were added to represent intervals

Question 34

"Christ in Majesty" relief sculpture images

Answer 34

Man/angel Lion Ox Eagle

Question 35

Man/angel

Answer 35

Matthew

Question 36

Lion

Answer 36

Mark

Question 37

Ox

Answer 37

Luke

Question 38

eagle

Answer 38

John

Question 39

functions as the main entrance to the church (Romanesque)

Answer 39

West End

Question 40

where the main alter is placed and the main part of service takes place

Answer 40

East End

Question 41

Architectural features of Romanesque Art

Answer 41

Fortress-like Roman arches and arcades Small Windows Barrel Vault Grain Vault Massive Piers Decorated Columns Towers

Question 42

refers to art developed in the West

Answer 42

Romanesque art

Question 43

a series of arches supporting a wall or set along it

Answer 43

arcades

Question 44

formed by the continuation of a single cure along a given distance Most common in Romanesque style

Answer 44

Barrel Vault

Question 45

Produced by the intersection of two barrel vaults

Answer 45

Groin Vault

Question 46

an upright support that can be square, rectangular or round

Answer 46

Massive Piers

Question 47

Round supports Most often for decor rather than structure

Answer 47

Decorated columns

Question 48

Important feature of Romanesque churches

Answer 48

towers

Question 49

commissioned by Emperor Justinian One of the oldest and longest basilicas in the world Modeled after the Pantheon 40 window at the base of the dome gives the illusion of weightlessness Turned into a mosque in 1453 and in 1935

Answer 49

Hagia Sophia

Question 50

Cathedral Terminology

Answer 50

West End East End Nave Aisle Transept Crossing Choir Apse

Question 51

central long space of the church building Usually flanked by aisles

Answer 51

Nave

Question 52

Open area parallel to nave and separated from it by columns or piers

Answer 52

Aisle

Question 53

Rectangular area that separates the nave and aisles from the rest of the building

Answer 53

Transept

Question 54

Area where the nave and the transept intersect

Answer 54

Crossing

Question 55

the area just past the crossing the main or high alter is located in this area

Answer 55

Choir

Question 56

a vaulted extension of projection on the east generally circular or polygonal in shape not uncommon to find fresco paintings here

Answer 56

apse

Question 57

art that the focus on simplicity and clarity

Answer 57

Byzantine art

Question 58

composed of small units of stone, glass, or porcelain set in mortar

Answer 58

Mosaics

Question 59

Iconoclasts

Answer 59

image smasher

Question 60

were against all images of a religious nature

Answer 60

Iconoclasts

Question 62

Images in the church of the Early Middle Ages

Answer 62

early Christians agreed on No statues Did not want the church to mirror anything of the world

Question 63

function of paintings in the Early Middle Ages

Answer 63

was to educate used to remind the congregation of teachings they had received

Question 64

"Painting can do for the illiterate what writing does for those who can read"

Answer 64

Pope Gregory

Question 65

First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity and in 311 established the Christian church as a power in the state

Answer 65

Emperor Constantine the Great