APPLIED NETWORKING Flashcards
What is a MAC address
A MAC address is a
unique number that is
part of the NIC
What happens to the MAC and IP address when a PC is moved to a different network
When a laptop is moved to a different network, the MAC address stays the same, but the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses change.
What is the IPv4 address format
• Two parts of an IP address: – Network – Host • The subnet mask determines which part of the address is the network part. *See phone for pic
What is needed for static addressing
– IP address
– Subnet mask
– Default gateway (address of router so information can be sent to other networks)
– DNS server
What is DHCP
A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP) server automatically
assigns IP addresses, which simplifies the addressing process.
What is ICMP?
• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used to test connectivity and send control and error messages. • The ping command is part of ICMP.
What is the internet?
– A global system of interconnected computer networks
What is World Wide Web(www)
Designed to link and
access information of various kind, using
HTML(Hypertext Markup Language).
– It enables most users to access the vast resources of information that is available over the internet.
What is URL
Uniform Resource Locator. The address of a web page.
What is the structure of a web address
• Web addresses are prefixed by:
– http:// (HyperText Transfer Protocol- set of rules governing
the format and transmission of data)-APPLICATION TRANSFER PROTOCOL
– www. (www)For example:http://www.google.com- HOST NAME
• Hosts and Domain Names: domain name as the name of the network you’re trying to connect to and think of the host as the computer you’re
looking for on that network.
• Path Name and File Name: the path maps to a
folder location where the file is stored on the server; the file is the name of the file you’re
looking for.
*See phone for pic
What do the following mean?
.org, .com, .gov, net, .edu, .co.uk, .ac.uk
*see phone for pic
What is a web browser?
Examples?
• A web browser is a program that allows
you to read material that is published onto
the World Wide Web.
Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Explora, Chrome, Opera Mini, Safari
What are examples of ways to protect yourself online
- Purchase from reputable websites
- Avoid unnecessary disclosure of personal and financial information
- Log off from websites
What is encryption?
Encryption is the method of encoding information, so that it unintelligible to any unauthorized person
who tries to read it.
What is a digital ID?
Information is encrypted using a Digital ID. The digital ID will contain a private key which stays on your computer and encrypts information and a certificate containing a public key.
What is a Digital Certificate
• A digital certificate is used in conjunction with encryption to enable safe transfer of sensitive information during online transactions.
• They are a digital form of identification.
• Issued by a third party known as Certificate Authority.
• Widely used when a web browser needs to
connect to a secure website, to carry out
online transactions.
What are the types of SSL Certificates
– Standard SSL Certificates
– Extended Validation SSL certificate
What is the procedure for connecting to a website secured with SSL
- BROWSER ASKS THE WEB SERVER TO IDENTIFY ITSELF
- WEB SERVER SENDS YOUR BROWSER A COPY OF ITS SSL CERTIFICATE
- BROWSER CHECKS AND CONFIRMS THE CERTIFICATE WITH THE WEB SERVER
- WEB SERVER SENDS A DIGITAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND THE SSL ENCRYPTED SESSION BEGINS
- ENCRYPTED DATA IS SECURELY SHARED BETWEEN YOUR BROWSER AND THE WEB SERVER
What indicates the presence of an SSL certificate
– Standard HTTP is changed to HTTPS
– A padlock is displayed in the address bar, showing the connection is secure.
– Websites with extended validation SSL certificates, the
address bar will be displayed in green and the website owner’s legally incorporated company name is displayed alongside the URL.
What are cookies
• Cookies are small files, containing
information about your visits to a website.
• They are stored on your computer, to
enable quick, customized future access to these websites.
What are the factors determine the credibility of a website
- Author
- Reference
- Up to date content
- Copyright
What is a copyright
The legal ownership of original material and
licenses, and copyright registration aims to
safeguard against software misuse.
What is Intellectual property- IPR
Refers to creations of the mind. Can be ideas, inventions, literary and artistic works. They are
owned by their creator.
What is the purpose for the data protection Act?
– To protect the rights of the data subject
– To set out the responsibilities of the data controller
What are the requirements for the handling of personal data
. It must be: • Fairly and lawfully processed • Processed for limited purposes • Adequate, relevant and not excessive • Accurate • Not kept longer than necessary • Processed in accordance with the data subject’s rights • Secure • Not transferred to countries without adequate data protection
What are the Data Protection
responsibilities for a data controller
• A company collecting personal data from individuals should inform them of the purpose for which they intend to process the personal data.
• If a site makes use of cookies containing
personal information, this could also be
deemed as a method of collecting
personal data, and hence covered by
legislation
