APPLIED HEALTH ETHICS Flashcards
Main Areas of Applied Health Ethics
- Free and Informed Consent
- Issues at the Beginning of Life
- Helping the Suffering
- Death
- Relating to other Health Care Givers
when do you need to have free and informed consent?
when havin research involving humans or samples coming from humans
Free and informed consent protects a patient’s what?
integrity
Free and Informed Consent recognize that?
a person is responsible for his own body
Free and Informed Consent enhances the patient’s active role in _______________
caring for his own health
2 purpose of informed consent
- Protective
- Participative
Purpose of Informed Consent
Safeguards against intrusion of integrity
Protective
Purpose of Informed Consent
Allows for patient’s involvement in decision-making
Participative
Elements of Informed Consent
- Knowlege
- Comprehension by patient
- Patient’s Consent
Elements of Informed Consent
disclosure of all information to the patient by the health
care giver which includes:
- truth of the proposed action
- nature of the proposed action
- probable benefits
- possible risks
- All information relevant to meaningful decision-making processes
Comprehension by the patient
Information should be given in what manner?
easily understood
Comprehension by the patient
What language should you use?
Familiar language
Comprehension by the patient
must enable the patient to truly _______ the
information
appreciate
Patient’s Consent
decisions made shoud based on?
sound reasons
Patient’s Consent
absence of undue pressure:
- time constraint
- persuasion, threat, coercion
- deception, manipulation
- fear
- other forms of control
Who gives the Informed Consent
Patient
f the patient cannot give informed consent:
- patient’s nearest of kin
- patient’s guardian
- patient’s representative
The Beginning of Life
many religious authorities claim that life
begins at
the moment of conception
The Beginning of Life
child must be borne out of a
conjugal union
between husband and wife
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
communicate ____________ with the dying patients
compassionately
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
use ___________ prudently
technology
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
recognize and accept _________
medical futility
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
avoid __________ to maintain life
at all cost
disproportionate means
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
relieve ____ effectively
pain
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
give physical, psychological , mental, emotional, moral, and emotional ________ to dying patient
support
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
provide ________ or comfort care
palliative
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
minimize patient’s ___________
symptoms
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
“Sometimes to _____.
Often to _______.
Always to _______.”
- heal
- alleviate
- console
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
maximize _________ with others
interaction
At the end of life, health care providers should be able to:
serve as the patient’s ________ in his final
journey
companion
Suffering
a health care provider must understand
that suffering is:
- inevitable
- is more than physical pain or sickness
- more complex
- deeply rooted in humanity
Suffering
a health care provider must:
- emphatize with the patient’s sufferings
- make suffering meaningful
- enable the patient to see that suffering has
supernatural benefits
Health Professional Relationships
human beings are _____
social beings
what is the core of our social system?
Interpersonal and professional relationships
Reciprocal interaction between and among professionals in the health care setting For:
- benefit of th patient
- sustainability of networks
Purposes of Health Professional
Relationships
- Professional growth and development
- Sense of security
- Source of belongingness, enjoyment, and fulfillment
- Context for understanding one’s profession
- Addressing interpersonal needs
- Establishing personal identity
- Building mutual understanding and cooperation
- Improving decision-making
- Understanding self
- Fostering trust and cooperation