Applied Cognitive Psychology Automated Vehicles: Human Factors challenges Flashcards
(HMI)
Human Machine Interface (HMI)
*Vehicle and human can be seen as a
joint cognitive system
- The HMI provides continuous
interaction between human and vehicle
level 0
there are no autnonomus features
level 1
these cars can handle one task at a time, like automated braking
level 2
these cars would have at least 2 automated features TESLA
level 3
these cars can handle dynamic driving tasks but still might need an intervention
level 4
these cars are officialy driverless in certain environments
level 5
these cars can operate entirly on their own without any drivers presence
Afraid of riding in a fully autonomous vehicle:
2017: 63%
2018: 73%
2019: 71%
2020: 86% (of which 32% “unsure”)
Outsized reactions
Outsized reactions in the face of
inevitable accidents
“They said they need real-world examples,
but I don’t want to be their real-world
mistake” Mr. O’Polka for the New York Times, 1/1/2019
HMI – main challenges
- Minimize mode errors
- Stimulate appropriate level of attention
and intervention - Minimize automation surprises
Minimise mode errors
Can the automated system…
- Handle longitudinal and lateral control?
- Manoeuvre in the current environment
and situation (e.g. handle a roundabout)? - Perform strategic aspects of driving (e.g.
switch lanes or change route)?
Carsten & Martens, 2019
Stimulate appropriate levels of attention and intervention
Level 2: Driver attention to the road needs
to be as high as during manual driving
The higher the reliability of the system,
the lower will be the attention of the
driver and the higher the impact of a
failure
Minimize automation surprises
Two types:
- Absence of expected action
- Presence of unexpected action
eHMI – main challenges
- Communication
- Scalability
- Colour
Communication
Instruction or intention?
Intention!
