Applied Anatomy &physiology - Neuromuscular System Flashcards
Aerobically
Means ‘ no oxygen’ so it refers to exercise that is low to medium intensity where the oxygen demand of Muscles can be met
Anaerobically
A reaction that can occur without the presence of oxygen
SO type 1 fibre
(Slow twitch fibre)
SO = slow oxidative
Contain more mitochondria which means they can produce more energy and are better for long aerobic activities
FOG type 2a fibre
(FOG = fast oxidative glycolytic)
More resistant to fatigue , present higher twitch speeds than type 1 so fatigue less
FG Type 2b fibre
(FG = fast glycolytic)
Fatigue much quicker, posses the fastest twitch speeds
Motor unit
A motor neurone and its muscle fibres
Motor neurone
Nerve cells which transmit the brain’s instructions as electrical impulses to the muscles
Neuromuscular junction
Where the motor neurone and the muscle fibre meet
Hypertrophy
Where the muscle has become bigger and stronger
Wave summation
Where there’s a repeated nerve impulse with no time to relax so a smooth, sustained contraction occurs, rather than twitches
Spatial summation
Where the strength of a contraction changed by altering the number and size of the muscle’s motor units
All or none law
Where a sequence of impulses has to be of sufficient intensity to stimulate all of the muscle fibres in a motor unit in order for them to contract.
If not not, none of them contract
Tetanic contraction
A sustained muscle contraction caused by a series of fast repeating stimuli
Muscle spindle
These detect how far and how fast a muscle is being stretched and produce the stretch reflex
Golgi tendon organ
These are activated when there’s a tension in a muscle
