Applications and Calculations

Question 1

How are buffers used in biological systems?

Answer 1

Is to maintain intracellular and extracellular pH within a very narrow range and resist changes in pH in the presence of internal and external influences

Question 2

Describe the role of buffers in industrial processes

Answer 2

Think of a buffer as a way to ensure that your production line continues to run smoothly despite unforeseen factors coming into play

Question 3

Calculate the pH of a solution containing a monoprotic acid, given its concentration and Ka

Answer 3

If you’re dealing with a buffer then you are dealing with a weak acid. the Henderson-Hasselbach equation can take you directly from pKa to the solutions pH. If you are not dealing with a buffer then you must use acid dissociation constant, Ka, to help you determine the pH of the solution.

Question 4

Given the concentrations of components, calculate the pH of an acidic buffer

Answer 4

To calculate the pH of an acid buffer, the Henderson-Hasselbach equation is used which is pH = pKa + log (acid/base). The acids concentration is on top of the fraction, and the conjugate bases is on the bottom.

Question 5

Calculate the pH change when a strong acid is added to a buffer solution

Answer 5

The pH of a buffered solution is calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, pH = pKa + log[base][acid]