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PSYCH 3MT3 > Applications > Flashcards

Applications Flashcards

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1
Q

Factor Analytic

A

Factor analysts begin with an empirical database consisting of the intercorrelation of a large number of items or tests.

They then factor analyze these intercorrelations, typically to find the minimum number of factors that account for as much of the variability in the data as possible. They then attempt to label these factors by ascertaining what the items related to a particular factor have in common.

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2
Q

Cattell – 16F

A

took all adjectives that could describe
people, and reduced them
4504 “real” traits
171 terms
36 dimensions (surface traits)
16 factors
16PF

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3
Q

Five-factor model of personality

A

Extroversion
Neuroticism
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Openness to experience
e.g. NEO-PI – emphasis on POSITIVE personality
traits

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4
Q

Conscientiousness (achievement and
dependability) –

A

Correlates with:

performance in all occupations
Effective styles of coping
Satisfaction with Life

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5
Q

Neuroticism

A

Negatively correlated with:

performance (accounts for less than
conscientiousness, though)
Effective styles of coping
Satisfaction with life

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6
Q

Openness

A

Correlated with crystallized intelligence

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7
Q

which 3 factors predict success in some job settings

A

Openness, agreeableness and extraversion

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8
Q

The Dark Triad

A
  • Narcissism
  • Machiavellianism
  • Psychopathy
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9
Q

Narcissism

A

Correlates with

Extraversion (.42)
Openness (.38)
Agreeableness (-.36) Negatively

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10
Q

Machiavellianism

A

Correlates with
Agreeableness (-.47) negatively
Conscientiousness (.34)

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11
Q

Psychopathy

A

Correlates with

Extraversion (.34)
Agreeableness ( -.25) negatively
Conscientiousness (.24)
Neuroticism (.-34) negatively
Openness (.24)

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12
Q

Satisfaction with life Scale

A

Below are five statements that you may agree or disagree with. Using the 1 - 7 scale below, indicate your agreement with each item by
placing the appropriate number on the line preceding that item. Please be open and honest in your responding

31 - 35 Extremely satisfied
* 26 - 30 Satisfied
* 21 - 25 Slightly satisfied
* 20 Neutral
* 15 - 19 Slightly dissatisfied
* 10 - 14 Dissatisfied
* 5 - 9 Extremely dissatisfied

SWLS has been found to be positively correlated with healthy psychological and social functioning and negatively associated with measures of psychological distress

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13
Q

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

A

measure two orthogonal dimensions of affect: positive and negative affect

Each scale consists of 10 adjectives such as distressed, interested, guilty, afraid, and nervous

respondents are asked to rate the extent to which their moods have mirrored the feelings described by each adjective during a specified period of time

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14
Q

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

A

Personality Test often used in business settings
Theoretically constructed test, based on Jung’s
theory of psychology types – four ways to know
the world:

Sensing, intuition, feeling, thinking.
(plus introversion/extroversion)

E/I
Extroversion/Introversion

S/N (Perceiving functions)
Sensing/Intuition

T/F (Judging functions)
Thinking/Feeling

J/P (Lifestyle)
Judging/Perception

End up with a “personality type”
Problems with reliability, validity, factor
structures, susceptibility to faking

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15
Q

Weschler/Binet vs. alternatives

A
  • Can test differently abled individuals (e.g.
    hearing impaired, visually impaired, motor
    impaired)
  • Also less language based (better for language
    impaired, non-native speakers)
  • Many don’t require as much examiner training
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16
Q

CELF (preschool)

A

Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals.
(also other version for age 5-21)

  • Global Score

– Receptive and Expressive subscores

  • Designed to test for language disorders (but
    does assess over full range, from disordered

Test-retest reliability between .7 and .9 for the
various subscales
* Internal consistency (alpha) .69 - .91
* Validity – correlates highly with similar
instruments

17
Q

Tests for Infants

A
  • Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale (BNAS)
  • Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler
    Development
  • (also Gessell Development Schedules (GDS)
    and Cattell Infant Intelligence Scale (CIIS; but
    these two are not as useful
18
Q

Brazelton

A

Age: 3 days – 4 weeks
* Tests “newborn’s competence”
* 47 scores (27 behavioural, 20 elicited)
* Neurological, social, behavioural
* (e.g. reflexes, motor skills, cuddliness, etc)
Good interrator reliability (if trained), K = .85-.90

19
Q

Uses of Brazelton - pros

A

Good interrater reliability (if trained), K = .85-
.90

  • Useful for research. (e.g. what are the
    characteristics of babies with or without
    various prenatal factors).
20
Q

Brazelton Problems

A

NO standardized sample. Can tell if one child
does better an another, but can’t tell
percentiles

Test-retest reliability not as good.

  • Does NOT predict later intelligence well (this is
    true of all infant tests), so construct and
    predictive validity problems
21
Q

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler
Development

A

Age 1 – 42 months

  • Based on normative maturational
    development data
  • Well standardized, so have normative data,
    can test a child, and see where they are in the
    distribution for children their age.
  • Internal reliability quite high

Domains Tested
* Cognitive
* Language
* Motor
* Socioemotional
* Adaptive
(factor analysis confirms at least cognitive,
language and motor)

  • Scaled Scores
  • Composite Scores
  • Percentile ranks
    (for all scales)
    Developmental Age and Growth Scores for
    cognitive, language and motor.
22
Q

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler
Development

A

Prediction of later intelligence on a Weschler
or Binet is low, for kids in normal ranges

  • HOWEVER, for infants 2+ sd below the means,
    is a good predictor of future serious
    developmental delays.
  • Can help assess Down’s Syndrome, Cerebral
    Palsy, Pervasive Developmental Disorder,
    language impairment, plus problems from
    other prenatal issues.
23
Q
  • Peabody Picture Vocabulary Tests (PPVT)
A

Age: 2yo-90yo.

  • Receptive vocabulary test

Point to the picture that represents the word

  • Doesn’t require a verbal response, no reading
    ability
  • Well standardized over all listed ages (in US).
  • Split half reliability of .86-.97
  • Test re-test .91-.94
  • Validity (correlation with WISC verbal IQ) r =
    .91

– Can help test language impairments/learning
problems, neurocognitive deficits, need for
special education, etc
* NOT a substitute for a whole Weschler or
Binet.
* Can underestimates IQ for people with
serious developmental delays, OR who are
gifted. (both in kids and adults).

PSYCH 3MT3 (16 decks)

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