Application of Knowledge, UPRT and Resilience

Question 1

What is the definition of this unique EASA 100 KSA competency?

Answer 1

Demonstrates correct and deep understanding of the subjects(s), and is able to effectively relate this knowledge between subjects and apply the knowledge for effective threat and error management (TEM)

Question 2

What are its behavioural indicators?

Answer 2

Correctly completes pre-flight planning in the practical exercise
Demonstrates KSA and TEM relating to phases of flight in the ground training environment
Correctly and effectively applies knowledge to identify and manage threats and errors that could lead to a potential upset in scenario situations
Recognises potential upset:

   -"threats" and suggests effective "threat management" in scenario situations
   -errors and suggests effective error management in scanario situations Identifies the causes of and contributing factors to upsets in aircraft accident and incident reviews and in reported recovered situations or scenarios Is resilient, i.e. recognises and adapts to disruptions during scenarios and other exercises Identifies the signs of stress and discusses the effects of stress, fatigue and aviation lifestyle on situation awareness, including how to cope with these in order to maintain situational awareness

Question 3

What does UPRT stand for?

Answer 3

Upset prevention and recovery training

Question 4

What are the different levels of UPRT?

Answer 4

Basic UPRT: integrated in all CPL(A) and ATPL(A) as well as the MPL(a)

Advanced UPRT course:

 -5h theory
  -3h dual flight
  - Aim to enhance the student’s resilience to the psychological and physiological aspects associated with upset conditions

Class or type related UPRT:

• addresses the specificities of the relevant class or type of aeroplane

Question 5

What are the EASA UPRT regulations that came into force on 20th December 2019?

Answer 5

Basic UPRT must be delivered during all:

     - CPL(A) modular and integrated courses
     - ATPL (A) integrated courses
     -  MPL (A) courses

Fixed-wing pilots must complete an advance UPRT course prior to:
- First multi-crew type rating

All class and type rating courses mut include class or type related UPRT

Question 6

What does the theoretical knowledge element of UPRT include as instruction?

Answer 6

Need for UPRT
Case studies
Review of high altitude operations
Review of associated human factors and TEM

After the theoretical understanding, recovery techines will then be taught during the practical training phases

Question 7

What’s TEM?

Answer 7

It’s a safety management approach which assumes that pilots will naturally make mistakes and encounter risky situations during flight operations

Question 8

What does TEM observe? what kind of approach is it?

Answer 8

Real Operations during Line Operations Safety Audits (LOSA)

It’s an evidence based approach

Question 9

What does the observer observe during LOSA?

Answer 9

Identifies threats
Observes how these are managed, not managed, or mismanged by the flight crew.

Question 10

How do you get an error from a pilot?

Answer 10

When a threat is mismanaged or not managed

Question 11

What’s the outcome of an error not being managed or mismanaged?

Answer 11

Undersirable Air State (UAS)

Question 12

What’s a Safety Change Process (SCP) and what are the steps that make it work?

Answer 12

SCP is a formal mechanism that airlines can use to identify active and latent threats to flight operations

1 Gather evidence (LOSA)
2 Analyse data
3 Identify improvements
4 Risk analysis
5 Fund changes
6 Implement changes
7 Observe the impact
8 Revise changes A/R

Question 13

How does an ATO (aviation training organisation) assess your comptency against their list of behavioural indicators?

Answer 13

By observation, usually by observing how many and how often you exhibit positive behavioural indicators.