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GCSE Physics > Application Of Forces > Flashcards

Application Of Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What are forces measured in?

A

Newtons (N)

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2
Q

What are the effects a force can produce?

A

Forces can be described as a push or a pull.

They can move and object, or change its speed, direction or shape.

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3
Q

What is a resultant force?

A

The overall force acting on an object.
E.g.
1N ->[ ]-> 2N = 3N
1N 2N = 1N

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4
Q

What happens when forces balance?

A

They cancel each other out, so there is no resultant force. This means the object will stay still, or if it already moving it will move at a constant speed.

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5
Q

What happens when forces are unbalanced?

A

The resultant force is not Zero, and the object will either speed up or slow down.

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6
Q

What is the equation F=ke

A

Force = extension x spring constant

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7
Q

What is Hooke’s law?

A

Extension is directly proportional to force applied unless the limit of proportionality is passed.

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8
Q

What is a moment?

A

A turning effect of a force.

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9
Q

What is the point where an object is fixed called?

A

A pivot

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10
Q

How do you calculate moments?

A

Moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot.

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11
Q

What is the word used to describe a balanced lever?

A

It’s in equilibrium.

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12
Q

What is the principal of moments?

A

When a system is in equilibrium the sum of the clockwise moments about a pivot equals the sum of the anti-clockwise moments.

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13
Q

Do some practice of lever calculations.

A

Ok.

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14
Q

What is a reaction force in a lever?

A

When a system is in equilibrium the pivot must exert an upwards force equal to the total downwards force in order to support it.

E.g. if a balanced system is holding a 10N and 4N weight, the reaction force would be 14N

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15
Q

List some everyday uses of levers

A

Sea saw
Wheelbarrow
Human arm

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16
Q

What are the 3 parts of a lever?

A

Pivot (turning point)
Effort (input force)
Load (output force)

17
Q

What is the centre of gravity?

A

The point where the total weight of an object appears to act.

The centre of mass and centre of gravity is usually at the same point (unless the object is very large)

18
Q

What is the centre of mass?

A

The point at which the total mass of an object appears to act.

The centre of mass and centre of gravity is usually at the same point (unless the object is very large)

19
Q

How can you find the weight of a lever using its own centre of gravity?

A
  1. Hang a metre ruler from a retort stand, making the pivot anywhere but the 50cm mark.
  2. Take a 2N object and hang it on the shorter side of the metre stick.
  3. Move the object until the metre ruler is in equilibrium.

The moment produced by the 2N object is now the same as the moment produced by the weight of the metre ruler acting at the 50cm mark.

  1. Use the principle of moments to calculate the weight of the metre ruler.

Ma = Mc
2x12 = wx20
24 20

W= 24/20 =1.2

20
Q

What are the factors that effect stability?

A

Width of base (wider base increases stability)
Location of centre of gravity (lower centre of gravity increases stability.

21
Q

What causes an object to topple?

A

When the line of action of a force falls outside the base.

22
Q

What is pressure?

A

Force exerted per unit area.

23
Q

What is the unit of pressure?

A

Pascal (Pa)
1Pa = 1N/m2

24
Q

How do you calculate pressure?

A

P=F/A

25
Q

Where in everyday life is pressure Important?

A

Knives
Caterpillar tracks
Snow shoes

26
Q

What is the equation for hooke’s law?

A

F = Ke
(Force= spring constant x extension)

27
Q

How can the law of moments be used in an equation?

A

F1d1 = F2d2
(When in equilibrium)
F = force
D = perpendicular distance from pivot

Pretty much M1 = M2

28
Q

What equation relates mass to acceleration and resultant force?

A

Thrust - weight = mass x acceleration
(weight = mass x gravity)

GCSE Physics (14 decks)

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