Application of Dental Materials Flashcards
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
WORKS BOTH WAYS-
MATERIAL MAY
AFFECT THE ENVIROMENT AND/OR
THE ENVIROMENT MAY AFFECT THE
MATERIAL.
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
THE MATERIAL MUST BE OF BENEFIT
TO THE PATIENT AND ABOVE
ALL,THE PATIENT MUST
BE SAFE
FROM ANY ADVERSE REACTIONS.
THE BIOLOGICAL REACTION CAN TAKE PLACE
EITHER AT A
LOCAL LEVEL ( injection site) OR
FAR REMOVED FROM THE SITE OF CONTACT (i.e.,
systemically-adverse Rx from acrylic monomer
in a denture- (denture stomatitis).
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
SYSTEMICALLY MAY NOT ALWAYS BE
READILY
APPARENT-DERMATOLOGICAL,IMMUNE-
MEDIATED,OR NEURAL REACTIONS.
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
MOST COMMON Rx to DENTAL STAFF IS- (2)
hand/facial dermatitis or respiratory symptoms.
POSSIBLE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DENTAL
RESTORATIVE MATERIAL AND THE BIOLOGICAL
ENVIROMENT INCLUDE: (4)
1. POSTOPERATIVE SENSITIVITY
2. TOXICITY-Nanomaterials(size of 1-00nm)
growing concern about their Biosecurity &
crossing the blood-brain barrier and going to the
Central Nervous System.
3. CORROSION
4. HYPERSENSITIVITY/ALLERGY-Amalgam
or its components may cause Type IV ( usually
24-48 hours after exposure) on the oral mucosa
Contact allergies
to dental
materials: (4)
86 subjects-83.7% women
Average age 63 years (24-86)
Most common allergies were to metals, of which
nickel and cobalt were the most common
allergens.
Denture resins showed mucosal changes,
contact stomatitis(54.4%) & burning sensations
of the mouth were mostly reported.
SOME PATIENTS CAN DEVELOP (2)
ALLERGIC OR
HYPERSENSITIVE REACTIONS TO EVEN VERY
SMALL QUANTITES OF METAL
SOME PATIENTS CAN DEVELOP ALLERGIC OR
HYPERSENSITIVE REACTIONS TO EVEN VERY
SMALL QUANTITES OF METAL SUCH AS : (4)
MERCURY
OOL
NICKEL
COBALT
MERCURY-
direct contact of oral mucosa with
this material can cause oral lichenoid
lesions(OLL)*.
OOL-
chronic inflammatory lesion on the oral
mucosa. Dental materials, certain medications,
patients with systemic diseases, chronic
hepatitis.
NICKEL-
ask patient if they can wear costume
jewelry.
skipped
COBALT-
2017 UK-metal-on-metal hip implant
failure. Complications after revision due to
cobalt and chromium toxicity.
MUCOSAL MELANOMA OF THE ORAL CAVITY IS A RARE. BUT IS
A HIGHLY AGGRESSIVE NEOPLASM-NEED TO KNOW THE MORE
FREQUENT Dx’s.
— is one of the most common causes of
allergic contact dermatitis and produces more
allergic reactions than all other metals
combined.
Nickel
Several brands of orthodontic wires are made
of
nickel titanium alloy
Non-precious metal crowns contain high levels
of nickel. Some as high as —%
55
DENTAL PRACTIONERS ARE ULTIMATELY
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
MATERIALS TO WHICH A
PATIENT WILL BE EXPOSED.
SARGENTI PASTE FOR ROOT CANALS-
paraformaldehyde
YOU MUST HAVE A KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE
MATERIALS TO BE USED AND HOW THESE MIGHT
AFFECT THE PATIENT. (2)
SAFEST & MOST EFFECTIVE
PLEASE READ AND UNDERSTAND ALL INSERTS
THAT COME WITH MATERIALS
MATERIALS CAN CAUSE IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE-CAUSING DESTRUCTION OF (5)
CONNECTIVE TISSUE,BONE,NERVES,CHRONIC
INFECTION & PAIN.
CONNECTIVE TISSUE,BONE,NERVES,CHRONIC
INFECTION & PAIN. MATERIAL CAN TRAVEL THROUGHOUT THE
BODY- (5)
BLOOD, LYMPH NODES,ADRENAL GLADS,KIDNEY,BRAIN
AOMT-
International Academy of Oral Medicine & Toxicology. www.IAOMT.org-states they are the LEADERS is Science-Based Biological Dentistry.
If you wish to remove mercury amalgams, fillings or metal-based crowns it is recommended to use an IAOMT dentist certified in the
Safe Mercury Amalgam Technique (SMART)
HAD-
Holistic Dental Association-Improving overall health through dentistry
SOME MATERIALS HAVE A DISTINCTLY POSTIVE
EFFECT ON THE
PULP
CALCIUM HYDROXIDE – stimulates
tertiary dentin formation
SINCE A RESTORATION MAY HAVE AN ADVERSE
EFFECT ON THE PULP, A RANGE OF MATERIALS
TERMED INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
(IRMs) HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO
BE APPLIED TO
THE DENTIN PRIOR TO THE PLACEMENT OF THE
FINAL RESTORATION.
INTERMEDIATE
RESTORATIVE
MATERIALS
THESE MATERIALS INCLUDE CAVITY (3) AND ARE INTENDED TO REMAIN IN PLACE --- ,THESE MATERIALS SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED WITH --- RESTORATIVE MATERIALS.
VARNISHES, BASES AND LINERS
PERMANENTLY
TEMPORARY
INTERMEDIATE
RESTORATIVE
MATERIALS
THEIR ROLE MAY BE (3)
PROTECTIVE, PALLIATIVE
OR THERAPEUTIC
INTERMEDIATE
RESTORATIVE
MATERIALS
GOAL IS TO PROTECT THE PULP FROM (3)
CHEMICAL
ELECTRICAL-Galvanic Shock-dissimilar metals
THERMAL
INTERMEDIATE
RESTORATIVE
MATERIALS
AN EXAMPLE IS-
zinc oxide-eugenol(ZOE)-
sedative like qualities on hypersensitive pulp
and is a good thermal insulator as well.
INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL
acts as a
thermal insulator
INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL
excellent
abrasion resistance
INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL
good — properties
sealing
INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL
low
solubility
INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL
may be used under (2) so that (3)``
cements and restorative materials that do not contain resin components such as: • amalgams • inlays • onlay
INTERMEDIATAE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL- things to consider: (4)
THE MATERIAL SHOULD NOT DISCOLOR THE TOOTH OR RESTORATION. SHOULD HARDEN QUICK ENOUGH TO ALLOW SUBSEQUENT INSERTION OF THE RESTORATION. SHOULD WITHSTAND THE CONDENSATION OF THE OVER LAYING RESTORATION SHOULD BE EASILY MANIPULATED-WHAT WORKS FOR YOU.
LINERS AND BASES ARE MATERIALS
PLACED BETWEEN DENTIN (and
sometimes pulp) AND THE
RESTORATION TO PROVIDE (2)
PULPAL
PROTECTION OR PULPAL RESPONSE.
PROTECTIVE NEEDS FOR A
RESTORATION VARY DEPENDING ON (2)
THE EXTENT AND LOCATION OF THE
PREPARATION AND THE RESTORATIVE
MATERIAL TO BE USED.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LINER
OR BASE SELECTED ARE DETERMINED
LARGELY BY THE
PURPOSE IT IS
EXPECTED TO SERVE.
BECAUSE THEY SHARE SIMILAR
OBJECTIVES/PROPERTIES, LINERS AND
BASES ARE NOT FULLY
DISTINGUISHABLE IN ALL CASES, BUT
SOME GENERALIZATIONS CAN BE MADE.
BASES-
thick mix of material which is placed in
bulk. Used as a dentin replacement to minimize
final restorative material.
bases are used to
block out undercuts
LINERS-
only applied as a thin coating over
exposed dentin.
CAVITY
BASES vs
LINERS
Less than — thick and is able to promote the
health of the pulp by
0.5mm
adhesion or antibacterial
action
LINERS: Primary role is to
protect
the pulp
lines
Forms a
strong bond to dentin, preventing fluid movement down the dentinal tubules
liners
Provides a
bacterial barrier.
liners
Sustained — release
fluoride
VITREBOND-
light Cure Resin-modified Glass Ionomer. Liner/Base. Can be used under composite, amalgam, metal and ceramic restorations IT IS NOT INDICATED FOR DIRECT PULP CAPPING
CALCIUM HYDROXIDE- Ca(OH)2-
highly alkaline
with a pH of 11-12.5
liners
Bactericidal activity-
retains its anti-bacterial
properties for about 2 months.
liners
Formation of – dentin.
tertiary
liners
used for
direct and indirect pulp capping
DYCAL-
Calcium Hydroxide Liner.
CAN BE SELF CURING OR LIGHT CURED
VARNISHES-
A natural gum (Copal),rosin, or synthetic resin
dissolved in organic solvent.
VARNISHES-
Has some (2)
properties.
antimicrobial and antiviral
VARNISHES-
Easily seeps into
open dental tubules and
VARNISHES-
Prevents
transfer of heat and cold to the
dentin and pulp
VARNISHES-
We use — instead of varnishes at the
SOD.
vitrebond
VARNISHES
Not to be used under (2)
composite restorations (interferes with the setting reaction)
Glass Ionomer’s
(interferes/prevents fluoride release).
COPALITE-
Used as an insulating layer under gold
and amalgam restorations.
SHALLOW TOOTH PREP-
place nothing,
vitrebond, or varnish.
MODERATE DEPTH-
liners may be
placed for thermal protection and
pulpal medication along with varnish
VERY DEEP-
liner may be Calcium
Hydroxide, then the base Vitrebond
OR IRM.
