Appetite Flashcards
Where is the appetite control centre?
Arcuate nucleus at the bottom of the hypothalamus
What does the arcuate nucleus detect?
fatty acids and hormone concentration in blood
What are the 2 types of primary neurones?
stimulatory and inhibitory
What are the stimulatory molecules released from the primary neurone?
NPY (neuropeptide Y)
AgRP (Agouti related peptide)
What is the precursor to and the 2 molecules that inhibit hunger?
POMC = precursor
alpha-MSH and beta-endorphin
Which hormone is released from the stomach when empty and what does it do?
Ghrelin
Stimulates excitatory primary neurones to stimulates appetite
Name the hunger-inhibiting hormones
PYY
Leptin
Insulin
Amylin
Where is PYY released and why?
released in the ileum and colon in response to feeding
suppresses appetite
Where is leptin secreted?
Adipocytes (adipose tissue)
Where is amylin secreted?
beta cells in the pancreas
What is pramlinlide?
amylin analogue
suppresses appetite
treatment for type II diabetes
Do obese patients respond to leptin injections?
No
Unless the cause of their obesity is loss of function of leptin gene which is incredibly rare
What are the alternative names for metabolic syndrome?
syndrome X
insulin resistance syndrome
cardiometabolic syndrome
Reaven’s syndrome
Define syndrome
A group or recognisable pattern of symptoms or abnormalities that indicate a particular trait or disease.
Define metabolic syndrome
A cluster of the most dangerous risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease.
