Appendix D - Anatomical Terminology: Prefixes, Sufixes, & Roots

Question 1

a-

Answer 1

Without

For e.g.: Acellular

Question 2

ab-

Answer 2

To take away.

For e.g.: Abduct

Question 3

acoust-

Answer 3

Hearing.

For e.g.: Acoustic meatus (ear canal)

Question 4

acro-

Answer 4

Tip, peak.

For e.g.: Acromion

Question 5

ad-

Answer 5

Next to.

For e.g.: Adduct

Question 6

adipo-

Answer 6

Fat

For e.g.: Adipose (fat tissue)

Question 7

al-

Answer 7

Relating to.

For e.g.: Costal

Question 8

alb-

Answer 8

White.

For e.g.: Tunica albuginea

Question 9

algia-

Answer 9

Pain.

For e.g.: Neuralgia

Question 10

an-

Answer 10

Without.

For e.g.: Anaphylaxis (without protection)

Question 11

ana-

Answer 11

Up.

For e.g.: Anatomy (to cup up)

Question 12

andro-

Answer 12

Male.

For e.g.: Androgens (male sex horomones)

Question 13

angio-

Answer 13

Vessel.

For e.g.: Angiogram (radiograph of the blood vessels)

Question 14

ante-

Answer 14

In front of

For e.g.: Antebrachial (forearm)

Question 15

anti-

Answer 15

Against

For e.g.: Antiviral (against viruses)

Question 16

arthro-

Answer 16

Joint

For e.g.: Arthrology

Question 17

-ase

Answer 17

An enzyme

For e.g.: Lipase

Question 18

-aur

Answer 18

Ear

For e.g.: Auricle (Part of the ear)

Question 19

auto-

Answer 19

Self

For e.g.: Autoimmune (against one’s own immune system)

Question 20

basi-

Answer 20

Base or bottom

For e.g.: Basicranial (base of the skull)

Question 21

bi-

Answer 21

Two

For e.g.: Bipolar personality disorder (two personalities)

Question 22

bio-

Answer 22

Life

For e.g.: Biology (study of life)

Question 23

brady-

Answer 23

Long,slow

For e.g.: Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Question 24

bucco-

Answer 24

Cheek

For e.g.: Buccinator (muscle of the cheek)

Question 25

carcin-

Answer 25

Cancer

For e.g.: Carcinoma (cancerous tumor)

Question 26

cardio-

Answer 26

Heart

For e.g.: Cardiology (study of the heart)

Question 27

cata-

Answer 27

Downward

For e.g.: Catabolism (to break down)

Question 28

-cephal

Answer 28

Head

For e.g.: Hydrocephaly (water on the brain)

Question 29

-cele

Answer 29

Space

For e.g.: Blastocele (space in the blastocyst)

Question 30

celi-

Answer 30

Abdomen

For e.g.: Celiac artery (artery in the abdomen)

Question 31

cerebro-

Answer 31

Brain

For e.g.: Cerebrum (large structure of the brain)

Question 32

chondros-

Answer 32

Cartilage

For e.g.: Chrondrocyte (cartilage cell)

Question 33

-cide

Answer 33

To kill

For e.g.: Fungicide (something that kills fungus)

Question 34

circum-

Answer 34

Around

For e.g.: Circumcise (to cut around, such as the foreskin of the penis)

Question 35

-clast-

Answer 35

To break

For e.g.: Osteoclast (cell that dissolves bone)

Question 36

co-

Answer 36

Together

For e.g.: Coenzyme (molecule that functions with an enzyme)

Question 37

colpo-

Answer 37

Vagina

For e.g.: Colposcope (scope used to see the vagina)

Question 38

com-

Answer 38

Join together

For e.g.: Gray commissure (part that joins two halves of the spinal cord)

Question 39

con-

Answer 39

Join together

For e.g.: Conduct

Question 40

contra-

Answer 40

Opposite

For e.g.: Contralateral (on the opposite side)

Question 41

corp-

Answer 41

Body

For e.g.: Corpus callosum (callous body in the brain)

Question 42

cort-

Answer 42

Bark

Question 43

crypto-

Answer 43

Hidden

Question 44

cyst-

Answer 44

Bladder

Question 45

-cyte (cyto-)

Answer 45

Cell

Question 46

de-

Answer 46

Without

Question 47

demi-

Answer 47

Half

Question 48

derma-

Answer 48

Skin

Question 49

di-

Answer 49

Two

Question 50

dia-

Answer 50

Through, across

Question 51

dis-

Answer 51

Apart

Question 52

-duct

Answer 52

Lead

Question 53

e-

Answer 53

Away from

Question 54

ec-

Answer 54

Out

Question 55

ecto-

Answer 55

Outside

Question 56

-ectomy

Answer 56

Surgical removal

Question 57

-edem

Answer 57

Swelling

Question 58

-emia

Answer 58

Blood

Question 59

en-

Answer 59

Inside

Question 60

endo-

Answer 60

Within

Question 61

-entero

Answer 61

Intestine

Question 62

epi-

Answer 62

On, above

Question 63

erythro-

Answer 63

Red

Question 64

eu-

Answer 64

True, good

Question 65

ex-

Answer 65

Out, away from

Question 66

exo-

Answer 66

Outside

Question 67

extra-

Answer 67

Outside

Question 68

-facet

Answer 68

Face

Question 69

-fere

Answer 69

Carry

Question 70

-ferous

Answer 70

Carry

Question 71

-form

Answer 71

To look like

Question 72

gastro-

Answer 72

Stomach

Question 73

-genesis

Answer 73

To make

Question 74

-glossus

Answer 74

Tongue

Question 75

glyc-

Answer 75

Sugar

Question 76

-gram

Answer 76

A recording

Question 77

-graph

Answer 77

A recording instrument

Question 78

gyno-

Answer 78

Female

Question 79

hemo-

Answer 79

Blood

Question 80

hemi-

Answer 80

Half

Question 81

hepato-

Answer 81

Liver

Question 82

hex-

Answer 82

Six

Question 83

hist-

Answer 83

Tissue

Question 84

hydr-

Answer 84

Wet, water

Question 85

hyper-

Answer 85

More, above

Question 86

hypo-

Answer 86

Less, below

Question 87

hyster-

Answer 87

Uterus

Question 88

-id

Answer 88

State of being

Question 89

in-

Answer 89

Into

Question 90

infra-

Answer 90

Below

Question 91

inter-

Answer 91

Between

Question 92

intra-

Answer 92

Within

Question 93

ipsi-

Answer 93

Same

Question 94

-ism

Answer 94

State or condition

Question 95

iso-

Answer 95

Equal

Question 96

-itis

Answer 96

Inflammation

Question 97

juxta-

Answer 97

Near

Question 98

kerato-

Answer 98

Hornlike

Question 99

-kin-

Answer 99

Move

Question 100

lact-

Answer 100

Milk

Question 101

-lacrima-

Answer 101

Tear

Question 102

Leuko-

Answer 102

White

Question 103

liga-

Answer 103

Bind

Question 104

lipo-

Answer 104

Fat

Question 105

litho-

Answer 105

Stone

Question 106

-logos

Answer 106

Study

Question 107

-lysis

Answer 107

To break up, destroy

Question 108

macro-

Answer 108

Big

Question 109

mal-

Answer 109

Bad

Question 110

-malacia

Answer 110

Softening

Question 111

mamma-

Answer 111

Breast

Question 112

mast-

Answer 112

Breast

Question 113

mega-

Answer 113

Big

Question 114

melano-

Answer 114

Black

Question 115

meso-

Answer 115

Middle

Question 116

-metrium

Answer 116

Uterus

Question 117

meta-

Answer 117

Change

Question 118

micro-

Answer 118

Small

Question 119

mono-

Answer 119

One, single

Question 120

multi-

Answer 120

Many, much

Question 121

myo-

Answer 121

Muscle

Question 122

necro-

Answer 122

Death

Question 123

neo-

Answer 123

New

Question 124

nephro-

Answer 124

Kidney

Question 125

neuro-

Answer 125

Nerve

Question 126

oculo-

Answer 126

Eye

Question 127

odonto-

Answer 127

Tooth

Question 128

-oid

Answer 128

Looks like

Question 129

-ole

Answer 129

Small

Question 130

oligo-

Answer 130

Few, medium

Question 131

-oma

Answer 131

Tumor

Question 132

oo-

Answer 132

Egg

Question 133

-opia-

Answer 133

To see

Question 134

ophthalmo-

Answer 134

Eye

Question 135

-orchid-

Answer 135

Testis

Question 136

-ory

Answer 136

Belonging to

Question 137

-osis

Answer 137

A condition

Question 138

osteo-

Answer 138

Bone

Question 139

oto-

Answer 139

Ear

Question 140

-ous

Answer 140

Producing material

Question 141

pan-

Answer 141

All

Question 142

para-

Answer 142

Near, next to

Question 143

-pathy

Answer 143

Illness

Question 144

ped-

Answer 144

Child

Question 145

-penia

Answer 145

Lacking

Question 146

penta-

Answer 146

Five

Question 147

per-

Answer 147

Through

Question 148

peri-

Answer 148

Around

Question 149

-phago-

Answer 149

Eat

Question 150

-pharyn-

Answer 150

Throat

Question 151

-phas

Answer 151

Speech

Question 152

-phil

Answer 152

To love

Question 153

phleb-

Answer 153

Vein

Question 154

-phobia

Answer 154

Fear

Question 155

physio-

Answer 155

Nature

Question 156

-plasm-

Answer 156

Cell, tissue

Question 157

-plegia

Answer 157

Paralysis

Quadriplegia (paralysis of the four limbs)

Question 158

pneumo-

Answer 158

Air

Pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs)

Question 159

pod-

Answer 159

Foot

Podiatrist (doctor who tends to conditions of the feet)

Question 160

-poie-

Answer 160

Make

Erythropoiesis (make red blood cells)

Question 161

poly-

Answer 161

Many

Polycythemia (too many red blood cells)

Question 162

post-

Answer 162

Behind, after

Posterior (rear end)

Question 163

pre-

Answer 163

Before

Precentral gyrus (bump before the central sulcus)

Question 164

pseudo-

Answer 164

False

Pseudostratified epithelium (epithelium with false layers [one that appears many])

Question 165

psycho-

Answer 165

Mind, soul

Psychology (study of the mind)

Question 166

py-

Answer 166

Pus

Pyuria (pus in the urine)

Question 167

quad-

Answer 167

Four

Corpora quadrigemina (brain structure with four parts)

Question 168

re-

Answer 168

Return, back

Relaxation (return to being loose)

Question 169

recto-

Answer 169

Straight

Rectum (straight tube of the colon)

Question 170

ren-

Answer 170

Kidney

Renal vein (vein of the kidney)

Question 171

retro-

Answer 171

Backward, behind

Retroperitoneal (back of the peritoneum)

Question 172

rhino-

Answer 172

Nose

Rhinovirus (cold in the nose)

Question 173

-rrhagia

Answer 173

Outpouring

Hemorrhage (to bleed profusely)

Question 174

-rrhea

Answer 174

Flow, discharge

Diarrhea (watery bowel movement)

Question 175

sacro-

Answer 175

Flesh

Sacroplasm (cytoplasm of muscle cells)

Question 176

scler-

Answer 176

Hard

Sclera (hard, white covering of the eye)?

Question 177

-scopy

Answer 177

See, look

Microscopy (to see with a microscope)

Question 178

semi-

Answer 178

Half

Semicircular ducts (ducts resembling half a circle)?

Question 179

sigma-

Answer 179

The letter S

Sigmoid colon (part of the large intestine that takes the shape of an S)

Question 180

soma-

Answer 180

Body

Somatic nerves (nerves going to the body)

Question 181

sperm-

Answer 181

Male sex cells

Spermatogenesis (formation of male sex cells)

Question 182

sphygm-

Answer 182

Pulse

Sphygmomanometer(instrument that measures blood pressure)

Question 183

-stasis

Answer 183

Stop, maintain

Homeostasis (steady state condition)

Question 184

steno-

Answer 184

Narrow

Mitral stenosis (narrowing of the mitral valve)

Question 185

-stoma

Answer 185

Mouth

Tracheostomy (to make a mouth [opening] in the trachea)

Question 186

sub-

Answer 186

Beneath, under

Subdermal (under the skin)

Question 187

super-

Answer 187

Above, under

Superficial (on top of)

Question 188

supra-

Answer 188

Above

Supraspinous (above the spine)

Question 189

sym-

Answer 189

Together

Sympathetic (with emotion)?

Question 190

syn-

Answer 190

Together

Synapse (where two nerves join together)

Question 191

tachy-

Answer 191

Fast, quick

Tachycardia (fast heart rate)

Question 192

tetra-

Answer 192

Four

Tetracycline (antibiotic with four hydrocarbon rings)

Question 193

therm-

Answer 193

Heat

Thermogenesis (to produce heat)

Question 194

-to my

Answer 194

Cut

Anatomy (to cut up)

Question 195

tox-

Answer 195

Poison

Toxicology (study of toxins)

Question 196

trans-

Answer 196

Across

Transmembrane proteins (proteins that occur across membranes)

Question 197

tri-

Answer 197

Three

Triceps brachii (three-headed muscle of the arm)

Question 198

-troph-

Answer 198

Feed

Trophic hormone (one that “feeds” other hormones to produce hormones)

Question 199

-trophic

Answer 199

To influence

Thyrotropic hormones (hormone that influences the thyroid gland)

Question 200

uni-

Answer 200

One

Unipolar neuron (neuron with one pride)

Question 201

-uria

Answer 201

Urine

Ketonuria (ketones in the urine)

Question 202

vaso-

Answer 202

Vessel

Vasodilator (substance that opens blood vessels)

Question 203

viscer-

Answer 203

Gut

Visceral peritoneum (lining of the viscera)