Appendix A Flashcards
define Industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.
define personnel psychology
an I/O psychology subfield that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development.
define organizational psychology
an I/O psychology subfield that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change.
define human factors psychology
an I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use.
define flow
a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one’s skills.
what is the value of finding flow in our work?
we become more likely to view our work as fulfilling and socially useful
what are the three subfields of industrial-organizational psychology?
personnel, organizational, and human factor
what are strenghts in terms of work?
enduring qualities that can be productively applied
define structured interviews
interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales
define task leadership
goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals.
define social leadership
group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support
What is flow, and what are the three subfields of industrial-organizational psychology?
Flow is a completely involved, focused state of consciousness with diminished awareness of self and time. It results from fully engaging one’s skills. Industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology’s three subfields are personnel, organizational, and human factors psychology.
How do personnel psychologists help organizations with employee selection, work placement, and performance appraisal?
Personnel psychologists work with organizations to devise selection methods for new employees; recruit and evaluate applicants; design and evaluate training programs; identify people’s strengths; analyze job content; and appraise individual and organizational performance. Unstructured, subjective interviews foster the interviewer illusion; structured interviews pinpoint job-relevant strengths and are better predictors of performance. Checklists, graphic rating scales, and behavior rating scales are useful performance appraisal methods.
What is the role of organizational psychologists?
Organizational psychologists examine influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitate organizational change. Employee satisfaction and engagement tend to correlate with organizational success.
What are some effective leadership techniques?
Effective leaders harness job-relevant strengths; set specific challenging goals; and choose an appropriate leadership style. Leadership style may be goal-oriented (task leadership), group-oriented (social leadership), or some combination of the two.
