APP 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes de déficience des mécanismes de défense de l’hôte?

A

infection virale VS
cugarette
alcool
IC
mpoc
asthme
CHSLD
plus que 70 ans
immunosupp
cancers
cortico
meds cytotoxiques ou immunosup

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2
Q

Coloration gram H. influenzae?

A

coccobacille gram -

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3
Q

s. pneumonie gram?

A

diplocoque (paires) gram +

capsule, oropharynx normal

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4
Q

pneumonie staph aureus quand

A

hospit
dissemination sanguine
post influenza

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5
Q

pseudomonas aeru gram

A

bacille gram -

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6
Q

legionella pneumo gram?
chlamidophila gram?
klebsiella pneumo?

A

legio: bacille gram -
chlam: bacille gram - intracell
kleb: bacille gram-, alcooliques, GI

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7
Q

principaux virus pneumoniques adulte?

A

influenza +
adenovirus (militaires)

hantavirus coronavirus

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8
Q

décrire mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

intracellulaire, ressemble à bacille gram -

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9
Q

Principaux virus de l’influenza?

A

influenza A et B

A: sous types après 2 proteines de surface HA (hemagglutine) et NA (neuraminidase)
-3 sous types de HA: H1 H2 H3
-2 sous types de NA: N1 N2

b: 2 lignées
B/Yamagata
B/Victoria

variation antigenique

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10
Q

Sx grippe?

A

+ fréquent: apparition soudaine de fièvre (plus que 38.5), toux sèche ET mal de gorge ou arthralgie ou myalgie ou prostration ou fatigue extreme

adultes: maux de tete
enfants: sx GI
agees: toux tardive, fievre geriatrique (orale 37,8 ou 37,2 orale repetee ou recte 37,5 ou T 1,1 plus elevee que d’hab)

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11
Q

Sévérité du SAG?

A

peu severe: sx typiques + diarrhee vomissement
modérée: sx typiques et dx plus severes (douleurs thoraciques, hypoxie, IC pulm – hypotension, atteinte SNC confusion, deshydratation, exacerbation maladies chroniques)
sévère: IR besoin oxygene, anomalies SNC encephalite, complication hypotension (choc defaillance), myocardite rhabdomyolyse, infection bact secondaire invasive

complications: pneumonie brocnchite rhinte otite, ARDS

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12
Q

Pneumonie tx, ameliorations attendues:
-3 jours
-1 semaine
- 4 semaines
-3 mois
-6 mois

A

3 jours: fievre disparue
1 semaine: douleur pleural et expecto reduits
4 semaines: toux et dyspnee reduits
3 mois: normal sauf fatigue
6 mois: normal

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13
Q

V ou F:
quantiferon = TCT

A

faux
quantiferon = IGRA

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14
Q

coloration à quoi pour TB?

A

auramine
bacille alcooloresistant

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15
Q

Autres sites de TB?

A

Méningite tuberculeuse (2 semaines de fievre, céphalée, raideur nuque)

Miliaire (disséminiée, tubercules choroidiens – plaques blanches fundus, heptatomegalie, adénopath)

TB pleurale (extension directe, 3-6 mois apres primaire,

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