API V Flashcards
Examination records shall include the following information as a minimum:
(1) date of the examination
(2) name and/or identity and certification level
(3) identification of the weld, part, or component examined including weld number, serial number, or other identifier
4) examination method, technique, procedure identification, and revision
(5) results of the examination
difference between inspection and examination?
INSPECTION: functions performed by the Inspector,
EXAMINATION - applies to those quality control functions performed by personnel employed by the organization.
lead symbol “B” for RT should be placed where?
attached to the back of each film holder
What is IQI stand for
Image quality indicator
2 Types of IQI?
wire and hole type
how often should Densitometers be calibrated
at least every 3 months
what is a Densitometers
device for measuring the optical density
of radiograph film.
step wedge:
a device with discrete step thickness increments / used to obtain an image with discrete density step values.
What to use to calibrate densitometers? (2)
national standard step tablet or a step wedge calibration film
When is the densitometer is acceptable if the density readings…..
do not vary by more than ±0.05 density
when to verify densitometers?
beginning of each shift, after 8 hr of continuous use
2 type of RT technique?
- single wall
2. double wall
where is the placement of location markers?
placed on the part, not on the exposure holder/cassette
/ source side
The IQI(s) shall be placed on the
source side of the part
When the IQI not practical to be placed in the source side? and what letter to put?
Film side , with A lead letter “F” shall be placed adjacent to or on the IQI(s), but shall not mask the essential hole where hole IQIs are used.
Where to place the hole IQI?
adjacent to or on the weld.
The lead letter “F,” shall not be place
be in the area of interest, except when geometric configuration makes it impractical.
All radiographs shall be free
from mechanical, chemical, or other blemishes to the extent that they do not mask and are not confused with the image of any discontinuity
density limitation for single film view with X-ray?
1.8 minimum for single film view for radiographs made with an X-ray source , max is 4.0
density limitation for single film view with gamma ray?
2.0 minimum for radiographs made with a gamma ray source max is 4.0
density limitation for composite viewing (min/max)
minimum density of 1.3 ,max is 4.0
density allowable variation (%), ) (- / +)
vary by more than minus 15% or plus 30% through the IQI
when shim are used what is the density variation allowed?
the plus 30% may be exceeded, the minimum density requirements do not apply for the IQI,
if needed, so that the radiographic density throughout the area of interest is no more than minus 15% from (lighter than) the radiographic density through the designated IQI adjacent
to the essential hole
where are shims placed?
shall be placed between the part and the IQI,
The organization shall prepare and document the radiographic technique details. As a minimum, the following information shall be provided.
(a) the requirements of Article 1, T-190(a)
(b) identification as required by T-224
(c) the dimensional map (if used) of marker placement
(d) number of radiographs (exposures)
(e) X-ray voltage or isotope type used
(f) source size (F in T-274.1)
(g) base material type and thickness, weld thickness,weld reinforcement thickness, as applicable
(h) source-to-object distance (D in T-274.1)
(i) distance from source side of object to film (d inT-274.1)
(j) film manufacturer and their assigned type/designation
(k) number of film in each film holder/cassette
(l) single- or double-wall exposure
(m) single- or double-wall viewing
when is back scatter consider unacceptable?
if a light image of the “B,” appears on a darker background of the radiograph,
RT-what type of identification is needed? (3)
- Manufacturer’s symbol or name and
- the date of the radiograph ,
- and permanent identification
What to use to verify the film density? (2)
- densitometer
2. step wedge comparison film
RT/ Liquid penetrant/MT/VT examination shall be performed in accordance
with a written procedure
Prior to each liquid penetrant examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at least __________ shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux, weld spatter, paint, oil,
1 in. (25 mm)
After cleaning, drying of the surfaces to be examined shall be accomplished by (2)
normal evaporation or with forced hot or cold air
the 3 penetrant processes:
(a) water washable
(b) post-emulsifying
(c) solvent removable
temp requirement of penetrant?
not be below 40°F (5°C) nor above 125°F (52°C)
Light meters, both visible and fluorescent (black) light meters, shall be calibrated __(2’)__. and what it has not been in use for +1 years
- at least once a year or whenever the meter has been repaired.
- calibration shall be done before being used.
max dwell time of penetrant
2 hours
steps of LP (4)
- clean
- apply penetrant
- clean excessive
- apply developer
can the penetrant be allowed to be dried?
no –> REdo
2 types of penetrant?
- color
2. flourensent
type of developer to use with color ?fluorescent?
- Only a wet developer
2. a wet or dry developer may be used.
Developing time for final interpretation begins immediately for dry and wet?
dry –>immediately
wet –> as soon as coating is dry
Time requirements for final interpretation (PT)
shall be made not less than 10 min nor more than 60 min after the requirements
With a color contrast penetrant, the developer forms a reasonably uniform white coating. Surface discontinuities are indicated by bleed-out of the penetrant which is normally a (color)…?
deep red color that stains the developer.
Light requirement for color contrast penetrant?
The minimum light intensity shall be 100 fc (1 076 lx).
Fluorescent requirement for both LP/MT
a) It shall be performed in a darkened area with a max ambient white light level of 2 fc (21.5 lx)
(b) Examiners shall be in a darkened area for at least 5 min prior to performing examinations
(c) The examination area shall be illuminated with UV-A lights that operate in the range between 320 nm and 400 nm.
(d) UV-A light shall achieve 1000 μW/cm2 on the surface of the part being examined throughout the examination.
For each examination, the following information shall be recorded:
(a) the requirements of Article 1, T-190(a);
(b) liquid penetrant type (visible or fluorescent);
(c) type (number or letter designation) of each penetrant, penetrant remover, emulsifier, and developer used;
(d) map or record of indications per T-691;
(e) material and thickness, and;
(f) lighting equipment
for LP, Rejectable indications shall be recorded. As a minimum, (3)
- type of indications (linear or rounded),
- location and
- extent (length or diameter or aligned) shall be recorded.
Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at least _____ shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint,
scale, welding flux and spatter, oil, or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.
1 in. (25 mm)
2 type of magnetizing current shall be used
Direct or rectified
. The current shall be max/min for greater than 3/4” thickness
100 (min) amp/in. (4 amp/mm ) to 125 (max) amp/in. (5 amp/mm) of prod spacing for sections 3 /4 in. (19 mm) thick or greater.
. The current shall be max/min for less than 3/4” thickness
90 (min) amp/in. ) to 110 (max) amp/in. (5 amp/mm) of prod spacing for sections
Prod spacing shall not exceed___, and min?
8 in. (200 mm). / 3”
The prod tips shall be kept
clean and dressed.
yoke technique type of current? (3)
alternating or direct current electromagnetic yokes, or permanent magnet yokes
Magnetizing equipment with an ammeter
shall be calibrated , and what it has been in use for +1 years
- at least once a year or whenever the meter has been repaired.
- calibration shall be done before being used.
The accuracy of the unit’s meter shall be verified _________by equipment
traceable to a national
standard.
annually
Light meters shall be calibrated at least_____or whenever a meter has been repaired, and what it has been in use for +1 years
- at least once a year or whenever the meter has been repaired.
- calibration shall be done before being used.
Each alternating current electromagnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least
10 lb
Each direct current or permanent magnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least
40 lb
Each weight shall be weighed with a scale from a reputable manufacturer and stenciled with the applicable nominal weight PRIOR TO 1st use. A weight need only be verified again if
damaged in a manner that could have caused potential loss of material.
If the open circuit voltage of the magnetizing current source is greater than 25 V, lead, steel, or aluminum (rather than copper) tipped prods are recommended to avoid
copper deposits on the part being examined
At least____ separate examinations shall be performed on each area. (MT)
two
ferromagnetic particles used in an examination medium can be either __(2)__, and may be either __(2)___
wet or dry / fluorescent or nonfluorescent.
Dry Particles. The magnetizing current shall remain on while
the examination medium is being applied and while any excess of the examination medium is removed
Wet Particles. The magnetizing current shall be turned on
after/before the particles have been applied.
applied during
the application of magnetizing current if they are not
applied directly to the examination area
The interpretation shall identify if an indication as
false, nonrelevant, or relevant.
For each examination, the following information shall be recorded: (MT)
(a) the requirements of Article 1, T-190(a)
(b) magnetic particle equipment and type of current
(c) magnetic particles (visible or fluorescent, wet or dry)
(d) map or record of indications per T-792
(e) material and thickness
(f) lighting equipment
min light for Visible (Color Contrast) Magnetic Particles.
minimum light intensity shall be 100 fc (1 076 lx).
essential variable shall require
requalification of the written procedure by demonstration.
Personnel shall have an annual vision test capable of reading standard ________
J-1 letters on standard Jaeger test type charts for near vision.
Direct visual examination may usually be made when access is sufficient to place the eye within _____ of the surface to be examined and at an angle not less than_________ to the surface to be examined.
24 in./ 30 deg
the minimum light intensity shall be (for VT)
100 fc
1 076 lx
(a) A written report of the examination shall contain the following information:
(1) the date of the examination
(2) procedure identification and revision used
(3) technique used
(4) results of the examination
(5) examination personnel identity, and, when required
by the referencing Code Section, qualification level
(6) identification of the part or component examined
leak test gauge requirements
dial(s) graduated over a range of approximately double the intended maximum pressure, but in no case shall the range be less than 1 1 /2 nor more than four times that pressure
Sealing materials shall be tracer gas
free.
All dial indicating and recording type gages used shall be calibrated against a standard deadweight tester, a calibrated master gage, or a mercury column, and recalibrated at least_________
once a year,
(Non)reservoir shall be calibrated with discharge (2)
either to vacuum or
to an air environment of 1 atm (101 kPa absolute) to match the test application or instrument type.
Reservor vs Nonreservoir Leak Standard?
Reserovir does have tracer gas connected to the leak
Non Reserovir does not have an inherent supply of tracer gas.
The test report shall contain, as a minimum, the following information as applicable to the method or technique: (leak test)
(a) date of test
(b) certified level and name of operator
(c) test procedure (number) and revision number
(d) test method or technique
(e) test results
(f) component identification
(g) test instrument, standard leak, and material
identification
(h) test conditions, test pressure, tracer gas, and gas
concentration
(i) gage(s) — manufacturer, model, range, and identification
number
(j) temperature measuring device(s) and identification
number(s)
(k) sketch showing method or technique setup
The bubble forming solution and immuersion shall be compatible with the ______of the test conditions.
temperature
Water or another compatible solution shall be used for_____
for the bath.
soak time?
Prior to examination the test pressure shall be held for a minimum of 15 min
surface temp requirements
40F to 125F
The presence of continuous bubble growth on the surface of the material indicates
leakage
When leakage is observed, the location of the leak(s) shall be
marked.
double wall viewing size limit?
3.5” and smaller
double wall , 2 viewing types
single / double viewing
double wall - single wall viewing min exposure and deg?
min 3 exposure and 120 deg.
The wire IQI(s) shall be placed
ON the weld so that the lengths of the wires are transverse(perpendicular) to the longitudinal axis of the weld
when performing PT , what must be verified?
manufacturer certificate of contaminants for all lp
a fluorescent should not follow
a color
The thickness on which the IQI is based is the nominal single-wall material thickness plus
the weld reinforcement thickness (x2 if butt weld)
What is ANST SNT-TC-01A
document for qualification and cert for NDE personnel
pulse-echo method at temperatures not to exceed
200F
Thickness-measurement instruments are
divided into three groups:
1) Flaw detectors with an A-scan display readout,
(2) Flaw detectors with an A-scan display and direct thickness readout, and
(3) Direct thickness readout
Flaw detectors with A-scan display readouts display
time/amplitude information
Flaw detectors with numeric readout are a combination
pulse ultrasound flaw detection instrument with an A-scan display and additional circuitry that provides digital thickness information.
from steel walls having elevated temperatures is high by a factor of about 1 % per
55°C [100°F)
LP for what kind of discontinuoty?
surface
UT for what kind of discontinuoty?
surface and subsurface
MP for what kind of discontinuoty?
surface and sub subsurface
RT for what kind of discontinuoty?
surface and subsurface
intermixing penetrant materials is …
not allowed
light image B on a dark background
reject
closure welds
QUTE / industrial qualified UT angel beams
temp limit for MP for dry particles
set by manufactuer
B should be
7/16 and 1/16
hardness test for
plasticity
excessive back scatter =
light B on dark background
yoke/prod is placed
parrell to weld to detect transverse discontinuities
MT max sensitivity
is when flux is perpendicular to the discontinuity
weight should be stenciled with the applicable nominal weight prior
to first use
what to use to test direction of magnetic flux
pie gauge
face
exposed surface pf a weld on the side from which welding was done
double wall -double wall exposure and degree?
2 exposure / 90 deg
double wall super imposed exposure and degree?
3 exposure / 60/120deg
during calibration for contact UT what must the temperature of the calibration block must be with what temp?
within 25F
A lead symbol “B,” shall be attached to the back of each film holder during each exposure
to determine if backscatter radiation __________
is exposing the film.
a shim of material ______to the weld metal shall be placed between the part and the IQI
radiographically similar
when perform thickness measurement the reference block should be (2)
known velocity OR same material
The magnetizing power of yokes shall be verified
__(___the yoke is used. OR
prior to use each day OR when it is damaged/repaired
dial indication pressure gauges should be calibrated
any time there is a reason to believe there is an error
max interval for checking the light intensity of a blacklight?
prior to use
