API 571

Question 1

Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking - most often found at? and appearance

Answer 1

1. found at or adjacent to non-postweld-heat-treated carbon steel welds or in
   highly cold worked parts.
2. localized corrosion

Question 2

Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking-Affected Material?

Answer 2

Carbon steel and low-alloy steels.

Question 3

ATMOspheric Corrosion-description?

Answer 3

Corrosion that occurs from moisture associated with atmospheric conditions. Marine environments and moist, polluted industrial environments with airborne contaminants are the most severe.

Question 4

Atmospheric Corrosion-Affected Material?

Answer 4

Carbon steel, low-alloy steels, and copper alloyed aluminum

Question 5

Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion-due to?

Answer 5

result of dissolved oxygen and/or carbon dioxide, Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) in these systems may occur either as general wall thinning corrosion or localized corrosion at high velocity, high turbulence, or change of flow direction locations

Question 6

Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion-Affected Material?

Answer 6

Carbon steel and low-alloy steels.

Question 7

Caustic Corrosion-Affected Material?

Answer 7

Primarily carbon steel, low-alloy steels, and 400 series SS.

Question 8

Caustic Corrosion-likely to occur at what temp?

Answer 8

In high-solution-strength caustic, temperatures above about 170 °F (75 °C)

Question 9

Caustic Corrosion-damage appearance?

Answer 9

Caustic gouging is typically characterized by localized metal loss,

Question 10

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking

Answer 10

equipment exposed to caustic at elevated temperature, primarily adjacent to non-PWHT’d welds.

Question 11

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking-Affected Material?

Answer 11

Carbon steel, low-alloy steels, and 300 series SS are susceptible.

Question 12

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking-Prevention/Mitigation

Answer 12

A heat treatment at 1150 °F (620 °C) minimum with a minimum holding time of 1 hr is considered an effective stress relieving heat treatment for carbon steel.

Question 13

Corrosion Under Insulation-critical factors (temps)

Answer 13

1. carbon steel, low-alloy steel, and 400 series SS equipment operating between 10 °F (−12 °C) and 350 °F (175 °C).
2. For 300 series SS, where Cl− SCC is the concern, refiners generally focus on the temperature range of
   140 °F (60 °C) to 350 °F (175 °C).
3. or duplex stainless steel, where Cl− SCC is the concern, refiners generally focus on the temperature
   range of 280 °F (140 °C) to 350 °F (175 °C).

Question 14

Corrosion Under Insulation-Affected Material?

Answer 14

Carbon steel, low-alloy steels, 300 series SS, 400 series SS, and duplex stainless steels.

Question 15

Sulfidation-damage description?-Affected Material?

Answer 15

carbon steel, low-alloy steels, 400 series SS, and 300 series SS. Nickel-based alloys

NOT ALUMINUM

Question 16

Sulfidation-Inspection and Monitoring?

Answer 16

UT thickness measurement or RT

Question 17

Thermal Fatigue-appearance of damage

Answer 17

dagger shaped, transgranular, and oxide filled, transverse

Question 18

Erosion/Erosion – Corrosion-Affected Material?

Answer 18

All metals, but mostly carbon steel and copper alloys in refining. Refractories are also affected.

aluminum susceptible too

Question 19

Erosion/Erosion – appearance of damage

Answer 19

localized loss in thickness in the form of

grooves, gullies, waves, rounded holes, valleys,

Question 20

Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion-affected materials

Answer 20

all common materials

Question 21

Mechanical Fatigue (Including Vibration-induced Fatigue) - appearance of damage

Answer 21

clam shapes / beach marks

Question 22

Galvanic corrosion-damage appearance (3)

Answer 22

crevic, groove or pitting

Question 23

Galvanic corrosion-affect metal?

Answer 23

all metals except noble metals

Question 24

Corrosion Under Insulation-appearance (3)

Answer 24

loose flaky scale, pitting, localized thickness loss

Question 25

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion-description of damage

Answer 25

Corrosion caused by living organisms such as bacteria, algae, or fungi.

Question 26

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion-affect metal?

Answer 26

carbon and alloy steels, 300 series SS and 400 series SS, aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and some nickel alloys. Titanium appears to be highly resistant.

Question 27

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion-affect equipments

Answer 27

MIC is often found in water-cooled heat exchangers, | low flow i

Question 28

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion-damage appearance (3)

Answer 28

localized pitting under deposits or tubercles that shield the organisms. AND Cup shapes pits

Question 29

Soil Corrosion-affected metals

Answer 29

Carbon steel, cast iron, and ductile iron.

Question 30

Soil Corrosion-damage appearance (2)

Answer 30

localized pitting, thinning

Question 31

Sulfidation-Appearance (2)

Answer 31

uniform thinning, high velocity erosion/corrosion

Question 32

Corrosion rates increase with increasing metal temperature up to the point where the water evaporates quickly at wat temp?

Answer 32

212F

Question 33

CUI is most severe at?

Answer 33

above 212F

Question 34

Boiler Water and Stream Condensate Corrosion-damage appearance

Answer 34

pitting

Question 35

chloride SCC method of inspection

Answer 35

PT and Phase analysis eddy current

Question 36

chloride SCC - nickel content % = highly resistant?

Answer 36

Alloys with nickel contents above 35 % are highly resistant

Question 37

brittle fracture - affect metals

Answer 37

CS, low alloys, 400 SS

Question 38

thermal fatigue/ mechanical fatigue- affected metals

Answer 38

all metals

Question 39

resistance to sulfidation increase with?

Answer 39

chromium

Question 40

fatigue cracking cause by high cycle fatigue can be difficult to detect b/c

Answer 40

time between crack initiation and failure is too short

Question 41

brittle fracture occurs (2)

Answer 41

1. less than 8ksi | 2. greater than 25% of test pressure

Question 42

threaded connections are especially susceptible to ?

Answer 42

boiler water and steam condensate

Question 43

atm corrosion rate increase with metal temp (F)

Answer 43

up 250F

Question 44

what is resistance to chloride cracking

Answer 44

nickel based

Question 45

size of the fillet weld name is

Answer 45

leg

Question 46

sulfication accelerate by the presense

Answer 46

of hydrogen

Question 47

hydrochloric acid increase with increasing

Answer 47

temp

Question 48

chloride stress corrosion cracking occurs above

Answer 48

140F

Question 49

predominate factor for mechanical fatigue

Answer 49

surface notices

Question 50

BNH

Answer 50

``` Carbon Steel 200 C-1/2 Mo 225 1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo 225 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo 241 5, 7, 9, Cr-Mo 241 12 Cr 241 ```

Question 51

Best inspection for CSS

Answer 51

phase array and PT