Aphasia

Question 1

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)`

Answer 2

all the nerves that connects the CNS with the muscles, organs, sense receptors, and glands of the body

Question 3

Higher-order language functions (comprehension) associated with…

Answer 3

the brain

Question 4

Speech (motor production) is associated with…

Answer 4

BOTH the cns and pns

Question 5

CNS structure (6)

Answer 5

1. spinal cord
2. brainstem/cerebellum
3. diencephalon
4. subcortical nuclei
5. white matter tracts
6. cortex

Question 6

Spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum are usually associated with what functions?

Answer 6

BASIC functions

• connections to peripheral nerves
• regulation of respiration and heart rhythm

Question 7

Diencephalon and up are associated with…

Answer 7

higher cognitive functions

Question 8

What functions are associated with the cortex?

Answer 8

high-level functioning

• decision making
• language

Question 9

left hemisphere is dominant for

Answer 9

sequential processing
language

DETAILS

Question 10

right hemisphere is dominant for

Answer 10

spatial processing
nonlinguistic tone (stress, intonation)

HOLISTIC

Question 11

functions of frontal lobe

Answer 11

decision making

motor planning

Question 12

functions of temporal lobe

Answer 12

auditory processing

*heschl’s area

Question 13

functions of parietal lobe

Answer 13

processing of somatic sensation (touch)
integration of multiple modalities
ex) pairing sound with vision

Question 14

functions of occipital lobe

Answer 14

visual processing

Question 15

language areas

Answer 15

• left temporal lobe
• left frontal
• left parietal
• arcuate fisiculus

Question 16

left temporal lobe

Answer 16

• auditory processing of sequential info

- location of wernicke’s area-decodes receptive language

Question 17

left frontal lobe

Answer 17

sequential motor planning

• broca’s area is on the 3rd frontal
• convolution of LH-motor planning for speech (production)
• areas around brocas are important for formulating language

Question 18

left parietal lobe

Answer 18

angular and supermarginal gyri are important for coordination of visual, tactile, and auditory info

very important for READING

Question 19

arcuate fasciculus

Answer 19

a white matter connection that goes from wernicke’s area to broca’s area

Question 20

paraphasia

Answer 20

the errors in production that people with aphasia make

usually involve problems at word level

Question 21

phonemic paraphasia

Answer 21

1 or more phonemes are replaced in a word

Question 22

semantic paraphasia

Answer 22

wrong word used (seen in fluent aphasias)

Question 23

neologism

Answer 23

new word, no meaning

Question 24

fluent aphasia

Answer 24

• lacks content
• comprehension is poor
• damage to temporal and or parietal lobes

Question 25

nonfluent aphasia

Answer 25

• content words only
• lose articles and modifiers
• auditory comprehension is good
• damage to frontal lobe

Question 26

transcortical motor aphasia

Answer 26

• similar to brocas

- tendency to repeat incoming utterances

Question 27

transcortical sensory aphasia

Answer 27

• comprehension deficits similar to wernicke’s
• poor content
• fluently repeat incoming language without understanding it

Question 28

conduction aphasia

Answer 28

• damage to AF
• cannot repeat
• disconnect of comprehension and expression although each is relatively in tact

Question 29

alexia

Answer 29

aquired inability to read due to damage of parietal lobe (angular and supermarginal gyri)
-common in fluent aphasias

Question 30

agraphia

Answer 30

acquired inability to write

Question 31

agraphia without alexia is…

Answer 31

RARE