APEX Respiratory F

Question 1

Answer 1

Cricothryoid = cord tense
ThyroaRytenoid = cord relax

Posterior Cricoartenoid = abduct cords

Lateral Cricoarytenoid = adduct cords

Question 2

Airway innervation

Trigeminal
Glossopharngeal: anterior ___ and posterior ____

Superior Laryngeal
(internal ___epiglottis and external branch)
Recurrent laryngeal

Answer 2

Superior laryngeal internal branch = posterior side of epiglottis to level of cord

Superior laryngeal external branch = 0 sensory. Motor of circothyroid

Recurrent laryngeal: below cords –> trachea

Question 3

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Question 4

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Question 5

Airway Block Landmarks

1.) Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block

2.) Superior Laryngeal nerve block

3.) Transtracheal nerve block

Answer 5

Question 6

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Question 7

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Question 8

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Question 9

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Question 10

4 types of Deadspace. Give example for each type of DS

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Question 11

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Question 12

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Question 13

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Question 14

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Question 15

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Question 16

Give the volumes for each lung volume

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Question 17

Give volumes for each capacities

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Question 18

What factors influence FRC?

Can spirometry measure FRC?

What test measures FRC

Answer 18

Spirometry cant measure FRC bc it includes RV

FRC measured: nitrogen washout, helium washout, body plethysomography

Question 19

what is closing volume and what increases it?

CLOSE-P

Answer 19

Question 20

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Question 21

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Question 22

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Question 23

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Question 24

Question 25

Describe Haldane Effect

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Question 26

Describe Bohr Effect

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Question 27

3 Primary causes of hypercapnia-- give examples of each

Answer 27

Question 28

4 areas of resp center: Medullary Respiratory (dorsal and ventral) Pontinue Respiratory: Pneumotaxic center upper pons Apneustic center lower pons

Answer 28

Question 29

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Question 30

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Question 31

what impairs HPV?

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Question 32

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Question 33

Describe short and long term benefits of smoke cessation

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Question 34

Obstructive vs Restriction: FEV1: FVC: FEV1/FVC: FEF 25-75%: RV:** FRC TLC

Answer 34

Question 35

Acute bronchospasm treatment

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Question 36

Definite treatment?

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Question 37

Goals for COPD vent: Vt: I:E: Inspiratory flow: PEEP:

Answer 37

Question 38

Question 39

Give examples of intrinsic lung disease (acute 2 and chronic 2 ) Give example of extrinsic lung disease

Answer 39

Intinsic acute: asp, neg pul pressure Chronic: pul fibrosis, sarcodosis

Question 40

Risk factors for asp pneu? what are some treatment?

Answer 40

Question 41

Mendelson's syndrome

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Question 42

Treatment of Aspiration

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Question 43

Flail chest patho and treatment

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Question 44

Pulmonary HTN PAP >25 Treatment goals Drugs??

Answer 44

Question 45

Carbon monoxide poisoning patho Which VA produce the most dessicated soda lime?

Answer 45

Treatment: 100% FiO2 until CoHgb less than 5% for 6 hours Hyperbaric O2 if CoHgb >25% or if pt symptomatic

Question 46

Absolute vs relative indications for OLV

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Question 47

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Question 48

Managemenet of hypoxemia for OLV

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Question 49

5 indications for bronchial blockers:

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Question 50

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Question 51

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Question 52

Mediastinoscopy-- biopsy. What are complications of it? top 2? what nerves involved?

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Question 53

Normal intercisor gap: Normal thyromental distance: Mandibular protrustion

Answer 53

Normal intercisor gap: 2-3 FB Normal thyromental distance: <6 or >9 = difficult Mandibular protrustion

Question 53

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Question 54

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Question 55

Risk factors for difficult mask ventilation: BONES

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Question 56

10 risk factors for difficult ETT Mouth opening: Palate: Incisors: Interincisor distance: Mallampati: Mandibular protrustion test class: Thyromental distance of: Neck is: Limited AO joint mobility

Answer 56

Question 57

6 risk factors for difficult LMA Mouth opening: Upper airway: Pharngeal anatomy: Airway compliance: Airway resistance: Lower airway:

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Question 58

5 risk factors for difficult invasive airways

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Question 59

NPO: 2 hrs: 4 hrs: 6 hrs: 8 hrs:

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Question 60

Causes for angioedemia (2) Treatments:

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Question 61

Ludwig's angina Best way to secure airway for this??

Answer 61

Best way to secure airway: 1.) awake nasal intubation or awake tracheostomy

Question 62

Question 63

When is nasopharngeal airway contraindicationed

Answer 63

Question 64

When is naso pharyngeal airway contraindicated. Which lefort??

Answer 64

2 or 3

Question 65

Max cuff pressure for: ETT: LMA:

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Question 66

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Question 67

LMA max air cuff: 1= 1.5= 2= 2.5= 3= 4= 5=

Answer 67

Question 68

LMA for kg: 1= 1.5= 2= 2.5= 3= 4= 5=

Answer 68

Question 69

Largest ETT that fits endoscopy thru LMA 1= 1.5= 2= 2.5= 3= 4= 5=

Answer 69

Question 70

MAX insp peak pressure for: LMA-unique: LMA-proseal: LMA-supreme:

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Question 71

6 indications for Bullard laryngoscopy Mouth: cervical spine: Neck: 2 syndrome:

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Question 72

Best time to use eschmann introducer

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Question 73

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Question 74

2 indicatons for retrograde intubation

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Question 75

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Question 76

Question 77

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Question 78

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