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A&P2 > AP2 exam 3 > Flashcards

AP2 exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

area of the body drained by right lymphatic duct

A

right side of head, right neck, right upper extremity, right abdominal cavity

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2
Q

area of the body drained by thoracic duct

A

both lower extremities, left upper extremity, left abdominal cavity, left side of head and neck

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3
Q

3 muscles that function during forced inspiration

A

sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor

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4
Q

3 muscles that function during forced expiration

A

external obliques, transverse abdominus, internal intercostals

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5
Q

2 factors that directly affect the alveolar exchange

A

pulmonary compliance, diameter of airway

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6
Q

list each respiratory division that you would pass through to reach the alveoli if you were an oxygen molecule in the larynx

A

larynx-trachea-primary bronchi-secondary bronchi-tertiary bronchi- bronchioles- alveolar duct-alveolar sac- alveoli

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7
Q

hydrogen binding to hemoglobin resulting in oxygen release

A

bohr effect

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8
Q

detect and destroy abnormal/cancerous tissues/cells

A

Natural Killer Cells

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9
Q

connect the nasopharynx with the middle ear

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

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10
Q

produces surfactant

A

Type II cells

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11
Q

Ease at which the lungs can expand

A

pulmonary compliance

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12
Q

abnormally low systemic blood PCO2 due to hyperventilation

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

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13
Q

Increase in the depth of respiration, but not the rate

A

Hyperpnea

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14
Q

Responsible for removing worn-out erythrocytes from circulation

A

spleen

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15
Q

decrease in arterial PCO2 that results in no impulses sent to the inspiratory area

A

hypocapnia

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16
Q

collects all the lymphatic fluid from abdomen and lower extremities

A

cisterna chyli

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17
Q

increase in arterial PCO2 which stimulates the inspiratory area and increases the rate and depth of breathing

A

Hypercapnia

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18
Q

activated/formed at the end of each coagulation pathway

A

Fibrin

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19
Q

Aortic bodies and carotid bodies with respond to changes in PCO2, H+, and PO2 in blood

A

peripheral chemoreceptors

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20
Q

Site of T-lymphocyte maturation

A

Thymus

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21
Q

Lease abundant leukocyte with no visible nucleus due to abundant granules

A

basophil

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22
Q

watery portion of blood

A

plasma

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23
Q

at a constant temperature, the pressure of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to its volume

A

Boyle’s Law

23
Q

Specialized lymphatic capillary that absorbs fat

A

lacteal

24
Q

Binds at the center of each heme molecule

A

iron

25
Q

Responds to changes in H+ and PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid

A

central chemoreceptors

26
Q

the spleen contains areas of referred to as red and white pulp

A

true

27
Q

the cisterna chyli drains lymphatic fluid into the right lymphatic duct

A

false

28
Q

carbon monoxide competes for the same hemoglobin binding sites as oxygen

A

true

29
Q

respiratory alkalosis results when there is an excess amount of PO2 in the blood and thus a drop in blood pH

A

false

30
Q

Bronchiole dilation occurs with activation of the sympathetic nervous system

A

true

31
Q

emphysema is a lung condition that results when there is a loss of compliance and an overall loss in alveolar surface area

A

true

32
Q

normal atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg

A

true

33
Q

if there is a sudden increase in the amount of air being ventilated to the lungs, there will need to be an increase in blood flow to the alveoli

A

true

34
Q

a decrease in thickness of the respiratory membrane will result in a decrease in the amount of gas exchange that occurs at the alveoli

A

false

35
Q

during systemic gas exchange, a chloride ion is transported into the red blood cells while bicarbonate ion is transported into the blood where it will act as a buffer

A

true

36
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in CSF

A

False

37
Q

a pneumothorax occurs when atmospheric air enters the pleural space

A

ture

38
Q

with a decrease in temperature, oxygen is more easily unloaded to the tissues

A

false

39
Q

smooth muscle is abundant beginning in the bronchioles

A

true

40
Q

bronchodilation will increase airflow to the alveoli

A

true

41
Q

expansion of the thoracic cavity occurs during inhalation

A

true

42
Q

the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity is composed of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

True

43
Q

a mass of clotted blood in the tissues is called a hematoma

A

true

44
Q

when platelets are activated, they become “sticky” and will stick to other platelets, injured vessels and the underlying collagen and basal lamina (membrane)

A

True

45
Q

megakaryocytes are the cells from which platelets arise

A

true

46
Q

if a person’s blood pH shifted from 7.4 to 7.6 what direction would the person’s oxyhemoglobin curve shift?

A

left-shift

47
Q

if a person was performing physical activity, what direction would their oxyhemoglobin curve shift?

A

right-shift

48
Q

what percentage of hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen as blood is moved TO THE TISSUES

A

98%

49
Q

During alveolar gas exchange, what ion is released from hemoglobin as oxygen enters the red blood cell?

A

H+

50
Q

Approximately what percent of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood as bicarbonate?

A

70%

51
Q

What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood (pulmonary circuit) ?

A

45 mm Hg

52
Q

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

A

95 mm Hg

53
Q

What is the normal value of intrapleural pressure during expiration?

A

756 mm Hg

54
Q

what is the normal value of intrapulmonary pressure (alveolar pressure) during inspiration?

A

754 mm Hg

55
Q
A

A&P2 (6 decks)

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