AP2 exam 3

Question 1

area of the body drained by right lymphatic duct

Answer 1

right side of head, right neck, right upper extremity, right abdominal cavity

Question 2

area of the body drained by thoracic duct

Answer 2

both lower extremities, left upper extremity, left abdominal cavity, left side of head and neck

Question 3

3 muscles that function during forced inspiration

Answer 3

sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor

Question 4

3 muscles that function during forced expiration

Answer 4

external obliques, transverse abdominus, internal intercostals

Question 5

2 factors that directly affect the alveolar exchange

Answer 5

pulmonary compliance, diameter of airway

Question 6

list each respiratory division that you would pass through to reach the alveoli if you were an oxygen molecule in the larynx

Answer 6

larynx-trachea-primary bronchi-secondary bronchi-tertiary bronchi- bronchioles- alveolar duct-alveolar sac- alveoli

Question 7

hydrogen binding to hemoglobin resulting in oxygen release

Answer 7

bohr effect

Question 8

detect and destroy abnormal/cancerous tissues/cells

Answer 8

Natural Killer Cells

Question 9

connect the nasopharynx with the middle ear

Answer 9

Pharyngotympanic tube

Question 10

produces surfactant

Answer 10

Type II cells

Question 11

Ease at which the lungs can expand

Answer 11

pulmonary compliance

Question 12

abnormally low systemic blood PCO2 due to hyperventilation

Answer 12

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 13

Increase in the depth of respiration, but not the rate

Answer 13

Hyperpnea

Question 14

Responsible for removing worn-out erythrocytes from circulation

Answer 14

spleen

Question 15

decrease in arterial PCO2 that results in no impulses sent to the inspiratory area

Answer 15

hypocapnia

Question 16

collects all the lymphatic fluid from abdomen and lower extremities

Answer 16

cisterna chyli

Question 17

increase in arterial PCO2 which stimulates the inspiratory area and increases the rate and depth of breathing

Answer 17

Hypercapnia

Question 18

activated/formed at the end of each coagulation pathway

Answer 18

Fibrin

Question 19

Aortic bodies and carotid bodies with respond to changes in PCO2, H+, and PO2 in blood

Answer 19

peripheral chemoreceptors

Question 20

Site of T-lymphocyte maturation

Answer 20

Thymus

Question 21

Lease abundant leukocyte with no visible nucleus due to abundant granules

Answer 21

basophil

Question 22

watery portion of blood

Answer 22

plasma

Question 23

at a constant temperature, the pressure of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to its volume

Answer 23

Boyle’s Law

Question 23

Specialized lymphatic capillary that absorbs fat

Answer 23

lacteal

Question 24

Binds at the center of each heme molecule

Answer 24

iron

Question 25

Responds to changes in H+ and PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 25

central chemoreceptors

Question 26

the spleen contains areas of referred to as red and white pulp

Answer 26

true

Question 27

the cisterna chyli drains lymphatic fluid into the right lymphatic duct

Answer 27

false

Question 28

carbon monoxide competes for the same hemoglobin binding sites as oxygen

Answer 28

true

Question 29

respiratory alkalosis results when there is an excess amount of PO2 in the blood and thus a drop in blood pH

Answer 29

false

Question 30

Bronchiole dilation occurs with activation of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 30

true

Question 31

emphysema is a lung condition that results when there is a loss of compliance and an overall loss in alveolar surface area

Answer 31

true

Question 32

normal atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg

Answer 32

true

Question 33

if there is a sudden increase in the amount of air being ventilated to the lungs, there will need to be an increase in blood flow to the alveoli

Answer 33

true

Question 34

a decrease in thickness of the respiratory membrane will result in a decrease in the amount of gas exchange that occurs at the alveoli

Answer 34

false

Question 35

during systemic gas exchange, a chloride ion is transported into the red blood cells while bicarbonate ion is transported into the blood where it will act as a buffer

Answer 35

true

Question 36

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in CSF

Answer 36

False

Question 37

a pneumothorax occurs when atmospheric air enters the pleural space

Answer 37

ture

Question 38

with a decrease in temperature, oxygen is more easily unloaded to the tissues

Answer 38

false

Question 39

smooth muscle is abundant beginning in the bronchioles

Answer 39

true

Question 40

bronchodilation will increase airflow to the alveoli

Answer 40

true

Question 41

expansion of the thoracic cavity occurs during inhalation

Answer 41

true

Question 42

the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity is composed of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 42

True

Question 43

a mass of clotted blood in the tissues is called a hematoma

Answer 43

true

Question 44

when platelets are activated, they become "sticky" and will stick to other platelets, injured vessels and the underlying collagen and basal lamina (membrane)

Answer 44

True

Question 45

megakaryocytes are the cells from which platelets arise

Answer 45

true

Question 46

if a person's blood pH shifted from 7.4 to 7.6 what direction would the person's oxyhemoglobin curve shift?

Answer 46

left-shift

Question 47

if a person was performing physical activity, what direction would their oxyhemoglobin curve shift?

Answer 47

right-shift

Question 48

what percentage of hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen as blood is moved TO THE TISSUES

Answer 48

98%

Question 49

During alveolar gas exchange, what ion is released from hemoglobin as oxygen enters the red blood cell?

Answer 49

H+

Question 50

Approximately what percent of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood as bicarbonate?

Answer 50

70%

Question 51

What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood (pulmonary circuit) ?

Answer 51

45 mm Hg

Question 52

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

Answer 52

95 mm Hg

Question 53

What is the normal value of intrapleural pressure during expiration?

Answer 53

756 mm Hg

Question 54

what is the normal value of intrapulmonary pressure (alveolar pressure) during inspiration?

Answer 54

754 mm Hg