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1 CEP > AP02 - histology of the endocrine glands > Flashcards

AP02 - histology of the endocrine glands Flashcards

1
Q

Where are protein hormones normally stored?

A

secretory granules

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2
Q

What is the only gland to store its’ products extracellularly?

A

Thyroid

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3
Q

What does the thyroid follicle lumen contain?

A

colloid

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4
Q

What are thyroid follicles surrounded by?

A

parafollicular cells (secrete calcitonin)

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5
Q

What is the thyroid follicle made of?

A

a ring of thyrocytes

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6
Q

What do the thyroid follicles do?

A

add iodine to thyroglobulin

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7
Q

What kind of cells are in the parathyroid?

A

Principal and oxyphil cells

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8
Q

With age, what happens to the parathyroid?

A

It enlarges and becomes more fatty

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9
Q

Where are alpha cells located?

A

on the peripheries of the islets of langerhans

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10
Q

What do delta cells secrete?

A

Somatostatin

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11
Q

What do PP cells secrete?

A

pancreatic polypeptide

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12
Q

What is the role of the zona glomerulosa?

A

make mineralcorticoid, including aldosterone

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13
Q

What is the role of the zona fasciculata?

A

secrete glucocorticoids, including cortisol

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14
Q

What is significant about the blood vessels through the adrenal cortex?

A

They have fenestrations, allowing hormones in

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15
Q

What cells does the adrenal medulla contain?

A

medullary parenchymal cells

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16
Q

What are chromograins?

A

bindings of granules containing catecholamines in the adrenal medulla

17
Q

What are parenchymal cells innervated by?

A

preganglionic sympathetic neurones, triggering release of catecholamines in stress

18
Q

What are the 5 cell type in the pituitary gland?

A 
Somatotrophs
Lactotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Thyrotrops
Corticotrophs
19
Q

What do somatostrophs secrete?

A

Somatotrophin (Growth hormone) (growth in epiphyseal plates)

20
Q

What do lactrophs secrete?

A

Prolactin

21
Q

What do Gonadotrophs secrete?

A

FSH and LH

22
Q

What do thyrotrophs serete?

A

Thyrotropin (TSH)

23
Q

What do corticotrophs secrete?

A

Adrenal corticotropin

24
Q

What is the difference between regulated and constitutive secretion?

A

Regulative is hormone controlled, where constitutive secretion responds directly to the immediate surroundings

25
Q

What do the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei secrete?

A

oxytocin and ADH

1 CEP (8 decks)

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