AP Psych - Module 56-58

Question 1

psychodynamic theories

Answer 1

modern-day approaches that view personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences

Question 2

Rorshach test

Answer 2

set of 10 inkblots, seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots; criticized for not having consistent results

Question 3

What does Alder believe behavior is driven by?

Answer 3

efforts to conquer childhood inferiority feelings that trigger our strivings for superiority and power

Question 4

What did Horney say childhood anxiety triggers?

Answer 4

desire for love and security

Question 5

Carl Jung’s collective unconscious

Answer 5

shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species’ history (“mother as a symbol of nurturance”)

Question 6

Projective tests

Answer 6

personality test, like the Rorschach, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one’s inner dynamics

Question 7

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 7

projective test where people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

Question 8

False consensus effect

Answer 8

tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and our behaviors

Question 9

terror-management theory

Answer 9

theory of death-related anxiety; explores people’s emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death

Question 10

humanistic theorists

Answer 10

view personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth

Question 11

self-actualization

Answer 11

process of fulfilling our potential

Question 12

who invented self-actualization

Answer 12

Abraham Maslow

Question 13

characteristics of people who are self-actualizing

Answer 13

self-aware, self-accepting, open, spontaneous, loving and caring, nor paralyzed by others’ opinions, secure in who they are, interests are problem-centered (not self-centered), particular task (their “mission in life”)

Question 14

who invented person-centered perspective

Answer 14

Carl Rogers

Question 15

Carl Rogers’ three conditions

Answer 15

genuineness, acceptance, empathy

Question 16

genuineness

Answer 16

open about one’s own feelings, drop facades, transparent and self-disclosing

Question 17

acceptance

Answer 17

offer unconditional positive regard

Question 18

empathy

Answer 18

share and mirror others’ feelings and reflect on their meanings

Question 19

self-concept

Answer 19

all thoughts and feelings in response to the question “who am I?”

Question 20

criticisms against humanist psychology

Answer 20

concepts are vague and subjective; believed it can lead to self-indulgence

Question 21

Eysenick’s two personality dimensions

Answer 21

extrovert/introvert and stable/unstable

Question 22

Minnesota Multiphastic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Answer 22

most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests, originally designed to diagnose emotional disorders

Question 23

what are the big five dimensions in personality

Answer 23

C conscientiousness
A agreeableness
N neuroticism
O openness
E extraversion

Question 24

person-situation controversy

Answer 24

controversy of deciding whether the person or situation is responsible for one’s behavior