AP Psych Chapter 1 Vocab Quiz

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

Early perspective in psychology associated with Wilhem Wundt and Edward Titchener, in which the focus of study is the structure or basic elements of the mind.

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

Early perspective in psychology associated with William James, in which the focus of study is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play.

Question 3

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 3

Early perspective in psychology focusing on perception and sensation, particularly the perception of patterns and whole figures.

Question 4

Psychoanalysis/ Psychodynamic perspective

Answer 4

The theory and therapy based on the work of Sigmund Freud./ modern version of psychoanalysis that is more focused on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a person’s behavior than sexual motivations.

Question 5

Behaviorism/ Behavioral perspective

Answer 5

The science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only./ Behavioral responses that are followed by pleasurable consequences are strengthened

Question 6

Cognitive Perspective

Answer 6

Focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information

Question 7

Evolutionary Perspective/ Sociocultural Perspective

Answer 7

perspective that focuses on the biological bases of universal mental characteristics that all humans share./ perspective that focuses on the relationship between social behavior and culture.

Question 8

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 8

a perspective that allows them to focus on people’s ability to direct their own lives. The best person he or she could be

Question 9

Biopsychological Perspective

Answer 9

perspective that attributes human and animal behavior to biological events occurring in the body, such as genetic influences, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system

Question 10

Scientific Method - all stages

Answer 10

Perceiving the question, Forming a hypothesis, Testing the hypothesis, Drawing conclusions, and Report your results

Question 11

Naturalistic observation

Answer 11

Watching the behavior of people and animals in their normal environment

Question 12

Observer effect

Answer 12

tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal when they know they are being observed.

Question 13

Participant observation

Answer 13

a naturalistic observation in which the observer becomes a participant in the group being observed.

Question 14

Observer Bias

Answer 14

tendency of observers to see what they expect to see.

Question 15

Representative sample

Answer 15

randomly selected sample of subjects from a larger population of subjects

Question 16

Correlation/ coefficient

Answer 16

a number derived from the formula for measuring a correlation and indicating the strength and direction of a correlation.

Question 17

Operational definition

Answer 17

definition of a variable of interest that allows it to be directly measured

Question 18

Independent variable

Answer 18

variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the experimenter

Question 19

Dependent variable

Answer 19

Variable in an experiment that represents the measurable response or behavior of the subjects in the experiment

Question 20

Random assignment

Answer 20

process of assigning subjects to the experimental or control groups randomly, so that each subject has an equal chance of being in either group

Question 21

Placebo effect

Answer 21

the phenomenon in which the expectations of the participants in a study can influence their behavior

Question 22

Experimenter effect

Answer 22

tendency of the experimenter’s expectations for a study to unintentionally influence the results of the study

Question 23

Single-blind study

Answer 23

study in which the subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group

Question 24

Double-blind study

Answer 24

Study in which neither the experimenter nor the subjects know if the subjects are in the experimental or control group

Question 25

Pseudopsychologies

Answer 25

systems of explaining human behavior that are not based on or consistent with scientific evidence.