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Maggie's Decks! > AP Human Unit 2 > Flashcards

AP Human Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Ecumene

A

The habitable area of the world

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2
Q

Arable

A

Land that can be farmed/Lived on

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3
Q

Arithmetic Population Density

A

Does not account for the uneven distribution of population with each country. No info on clustering & dispersal.

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4
Q

Physiological Population Density Equation

A

Total Equation/Arable Land (sq.mi)

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5
Q

Arithmetic Population Density Equation

A

Total Population/Land area (sq.mi)

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6
Q

Carrying Capacity:

A

The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resource without changing the environment.

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7
Q

Agricultural Population Density

A

Better indicator of a country’s level of economic development rather than population distribution

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8
Q

Agricultural Population Density Equation

A

Farmers/Arable Land (sq.mi)

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9
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

The # of people in a dependent age group divided by the number of people in the working age group multiplied by 100.

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10
Q

A high dependency ratio=

A

number of people not working, earning income, and paying taxes.

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11
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The proportion of males to females in a population

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12
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

The # of live births occurring in 1 year per 1,000 people

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13
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

Average # of children who would be born per woman during her childbearing years

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14
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The # of years the average person will live

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15
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

The number of deaths occurring in 1 year of 1,000 people

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16
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

The # of children who die before 1 year of age

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17
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR) or Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

A

-Does not account for migration
-Can be a negative number (that indicates population decrease
-Usually a percentage

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18
Q

Population Growth Rate

A

-more accurate measure
-accounts for Migration

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19
Q

Immigrants

A

People who moved INTO a country

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20
Q

Emigrants

A

People that move OUT of a country

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21
Q

Population Growth Rate Equation

A

Births - Deaths + Immigrants - Emigrants

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22
Q

Doubling Time

A

The number of years in which a population will double assuming the growth rate remains stable

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23
Q

Demography

A

The study of population statistics

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24
Q

The Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A

Used by geographers to analyze and predict trends in population growth and decline including patterns of births, deaths and natural increase rates.

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25
Q

CBR STAGE 1 & 2

A

-High TFR (children are not likely to survive
-High IMR & CMR
-Need for child labor

26
Q

CBR STAGE 3 & 4

A

-reduced need for child labor
-smaller living spaces
-Increase in healthcare, female employment & education

27
Q

CBR STAGE 5

A

-Replacement level
-Zero population growth

28
Q

CDR STAGE 1

A

-Short life expectancy
-Famine, poor diet, etc

29
Q

CDR STAGE 2

A

Improved nutrition, sanitation & medicines

30
Q

CDR STAGE 3 & 4

A

Life expectancy increases due to progression from earlier

31
Q

CDR STAGE 5

A

Most Medically Advanced

32
Q

NIR STAGE 1

A

Low Growth-
No countries are in this historic stage!

33
Q

NIR STAGE 2

A

Rapid Growth-
Low developed countries

34
Q

NIR STAGE 3 & 4

A

Growth Slows then stabilizes at low growth

35
Q

NIR STAGE 5

A

Negative, Very low

36
Q

POPULATION COMPOSITION STAGE 1 & 2

A

Youth Dependency

37
Q

POPULATION COMPOSITION STAGE 3

A

Society is still young, people surviving longer.

38
Q

POPULATION COMPOSITION STAGE 4

A

Beginning to shift to elderly dependency

39
Q

POPULATION COMPOSITION STAGE 5

A

Most likely to have a high elderly dependency ratio

40
Q

STAGE ONE ETM

A

Resilience & Famine (Diseases, animal attacks, accidents, malnutrition

41
Q

STAGE TWO ETM

A

Receding Pandemics
Disease decline due to new medical advances

42
Q

STAGE THREE ETM

A

Degenerative & Human made diseases
Aging
Lifestyle
-Heart Disease
-Cancer

43
Q

STAGE FOUR ETM

A

Delayed degenerative diseases
-associated w/ aging and lifestyle choices can be delayed w/ medical advancements

44
Q

STAGE FIVE ETM

A

Reemergence of infectious diseases
-bacteria & parasites become resistant to antibiotics & vaccines

45
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

Industrial revolution
-rising life expectancy, lower death rates

46
Q

Malthus Claim

A

Population grows exponentially while food output only grows arithmetically. This would result in food shortage, and Famine due to overpopulation

47
Q

Exponentially

A

2,4,8,16

48
Q

Arithmetically

A

1,2,3,4

49
Q

Boserup’s Claim

A

Food supply is impacted directly by population growth. As population Increases humans will develop new technologies to also increase production of food supply

50
Q

Pro-Natalist Population Policies

A

Government programs designed to increase the fertility rate and accelerate population growth. (expansive population Policies)

51
Q

STAGE 4 & 5 Countries

A

-Aging Population
-Declining population
-Labor Force

52
Q

Anti-Natalist Population Policies

A

Government programs designed to decrease the fertility rate and slow down population growth
(restrictive population Policies)

53
Q

Migration

A

The permanent or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another

54
Q

Push Factors

A

Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present in a location that causes people to move away

55
Q

Pull Factors

A

Positive conditions and circumstances, events or conditions present in a location that causes people to move away

56
Q

Intervening Obstacle

A

Barriers that hold migrants back from continuing to travel.

57
Q

Intervening Opportunity:

A

An opportunity that causes migrants to voluntarily stop traveling.

58
Q

Transnational:

A

Migration from one country to another country.

59
Q

Internal:

A

Migrants that travel within a country’s borders. Much more likely than a transnational migration

60
Q

Transhumance

A

Traditional MIgration of nomadic herders that move their livestock from high elevations in the summer and lower elevations in the winter

61
Q

Chain

A

Immigrants migrate to a location based off of the recommendation of or reunification with family, friends that have previously migrated to that locatin

62
Q
A

Maggie's Decks! (8 decks)

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