Ap human 1 + 2 Flashcards
studying
Absolute Direction
the cardinal directions; north, south, east, west
Absolute distance
distance that can be measured by a standard unit of length
Census
a official count of the number of ppl in a define area; state
site
a places absolte location, as well as it physical characteristics
situation
location of a place in relation to other places or its surrounding features
semi-periphery
classicfication of a country or region that has qualities of both core and perpheral areas and is often in the process of industrailizing
node
the focal point of a functional region
periphery
classicfication of a country or region that has less wealth, lower education levels, and less sophisticated techonologies and also tends to have and unstable govermnet and poor healthcare systems
core
classification of a country or regio that has wealth higher education levels, more advanced technology, many resources, strong military and powerful allies
scale
the area of the world being studied
Relative distance
distance determined in relative to other places or objects
Relative direction
direction based on a persona perception; left, right, up and down
Choropleth map
display divided geographical areas or regions that are coloured, shaded or patterned in relation to a data variable.
Cartogram
a person that creates maps
Isoline map
uses lines to connect point locations with similar values
DTM (demographic transition model)
a simplified way of looking at how population is changing and has changed around the world.
doubling time
The number of years required for a specified population to double in size at the current rate of population growth.
land degradation
A negative trend in land condition, caused by direct or indirect human-induced processes including anthropogenic climate change, expressed as long-term reduction or loss of at least one of the following: biological productivity, ecological integrity, or value to humans.
agricultural density
A measures the number of farmers per unit area of farmland
arable land
any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.
arithmetic density
the total number of people divided by the total land area
total fertility rate (TFR)
the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
population distribution
a measure of how spread out a population is in any given area.
population density
the number of people per unit of area
mortality
The estimated total number of deaths in a population of a given sex and/or age, divided by the total number of this population, expressed per 100,000 population, for a given year, in a given country, territory, or geographic area.
carrying capacity
a species’ average population size in a particular habitat
dependency ratio
The average number of economically dependent population per 100 economically productive population, for a given country, territory, or geographic area, at a specific point in time.
Demographics
the study of demographics, the social characteristics and statistics of a human population
Overpopulation
the state whereby the human population rises to an extent exceeding the carrying capacity of the ecological setting.
Anti-Natalist
The policy of the government to slow the population growth by attempting to limit the number of births.
Pro-Natalist
policies which are designed with the purpose of increasing the birth rate/fertility rate of an area.
brain drain
a situation whereby talented professionals flee one country to another in search of better pay and working conditions
distance decay
describes how the strength of a relationship between people, places, or systems decreases as the separation between them increases.
immigration
the physical movement of people from one place to another
emigration
the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere
intervening obstacle
an object that interferes with how humans arrive at their destinations.
intervening opportunity
a feature (usually economic) that causes a migrant to choose a destination other than his original one.
Push Factor
reasons for leaving a country
diffusion
the spread of ideas, objects, inventions, and other practices from place to place.
Pull Factor
reasons for going to a country
friction of distance
movement over space requires effort, resulting in an undesirable loss of resources, typically called a cost or impedance, that is directly proportional to the distance between a source and destination.
Transhumance
the seasonal movement of livestock (herding) between mountains and lowland pastures
Chain Migration
the social process by which immigrants from a particular area follow others from that area to a particular destination.
Step Migration
When a migrant follows a path of a series of stages, or steps toward a final destination.
guest workers
foreign national who is permitted to live and work temporarily in a host country.
Asylum
a country that provides refugee and safety to people coming from other areas
repatriate
the act of returning to your own country
Quotas
government-imposed trade restrictions that limit the number or monetary value of goods that a country can import or export during a particular period.
