ap gove chapter 14 and 15 Flashcards
where are most cases tried and solved?
State and not federal courts
standing to sue
platiffs that have a serious interest in the case: have sustatined or likely to sustain direct injury from the gov
Amicus Curaie
breifs used to incfluence the court; give differnt perspective that normal breifs or formal parites
Where are 98% of criminal and civil cases handled?
state and local courts
how many district courts are there?
94 courts
original jurisdiction
courts that hear the case first and determine the facts. they hear no appeals
Court of appeals
hold no trials and no testimony
where does supreme court get it’s cases
The lower courts
how are federal judges appointed
appointed for life on “good behavior”
what is the unwritten tradition when selecting federal judges?
judge is not confirmed is a senator of the president’s party from the state where the nominee will serve opposes the nomination - senatorial courtesy
where does president have more power
apellate court
how do you call up a case?
writ of certiorari
waht is the rule of 4
chooses cases 4 judges agree to grant review
stare decisis
let previous decision stand unchanged
precedent
how similar past cases were decided may be overruled
original intent
the idea that the consititution should be viewed according to original intent of framers
marbury vs madison
judicial review
warren court
liberal
burger court
conservative
difficult to remove judge
yes
judicial restraing
judges should play minimal role in policy making
judicial activism
judges should make bold policy decisions and even chart new constitutinal grounds
policitcal questions
means of federal court to avoid some cases
statuary construction
judicial interpretation of an act of congress
bureauecracy
heirarchial authority structure; uses task specialzation; merit priciple an dbehaves impersonaly
patronage
key inducement used by partied; job or promotion given for political reasonn rather than merit
civil service
body of gov emplyess hired by merit; want to create nonpartisan gov service
pendleton civil service act
created a federal civil service so a promotion would be based on merit no partronage
merit principle
hiring based on entrance exams and promotion rating to get people with talent and skill
hatch act
prohibiting gov emplyees from active participation in partisan politics while on duty (cant talk about politics)
offics of personal managment
in charge of hiring for agencies of gov
general schedule rating
shedule for gov employees rating GS1 to GS18; salaries are keyeson ratings
senior executive service
elite cadre of 9000 gov manages to top of civil service system
independant regulatory comitee
gov agency that makes an denforce rules ot protect public interest in some economic sectors
gov corporations
provids service taht is delivered by private sector; us postal service
independant executive agency
not accounted for by cabinet departments; apointed by pre ; serve his pleause; NASA
policy implementation
between ets. and consequences of policy; translating goals of policy into a operationg program
fail to implement
-vague or unclear laws
-lack of resources
-program design
-lack of authority
-fragmentation
sucesscful implmentation
voting rights act of 1965
standard opertaing procddures
prcedure for decision makig; bring efficacy and uniformity to running coplex org.
admisitrative discretion
select various responses to a given problem; greatest when routines do not fit a case
street level bureacrats
constant contact w/ public; considerable administrative discrepency
regulationus
use of gov suthority to control or change practice in the private sector
command and control policy
gov tell business how to raech certaion goals, checks commans are followed, punishes offenders
incentive system
alternate to command and control; market like strategy; reqard o manage public policy
deregulation
lifting gov restriction on business industy and professional activities
executive order
regulation origination w/ executive branch; 1 way pres control bueracracy
