AOS 1 syntax metalanguage Flashcards
what are phrases?
a collection of words that have a grammatical relationship with each other.
what do noun phrases contain?
a noun and any other words that describe the verb.
what do verb phrases contain?
a main verb and any other related words.
what do prepositional phrases contain?
a preposition and the object of the preposition.
what do adjective phrases contain?
an adjective and their modifiers.
what do adverb phrases contain?
an adverb or any words acting as adverbs.
what are clauses?
clauses consist of a subject and a verb. a MAIN or INDEPENDENT clause can stand alone in a sentence.
a SUBORDINATE or INDEPENDENT clause depends on the main clause and cannot stand alone.
name and explain the five sentence structures.
FRAGMENT : no clauses
SIMPLE : one clause, no conjunctions
COMPOUND : two+ clauses, only coordinating conjunctions
COMPLEX : two+ clauses, only subordinating conjunctions
COMPOUND-COMPLEX : three+ clauses, one+ coordinating and one+ subordinating conjunctions.
what are coordinating conjunctions?
FANBOYS
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
what are subordinating conjunctions?
conditional (if, then, unless)
causational (because, since)
comparative (while, whereas)
what is ellipses?
the removing of words/phrases from a clause or sentence. they reduce unnecessary repetition and increase text cohesion.
what is nominalisation?
when a noun is created from a word from any other word class. participate → participation
name and explain the four sentence types.
DECLARATIVE: info, observation or statement.
IMPERATIVE: order
INTERROGATIVE: question
EXCLAMATIVE: exclamation
