aortic regurgitation Flashcards
epidemiology
much less common than aortic stenosis or mitral valve disease
usually only trace or mild
incidence increases w/ age
Causes
- insufficiency of congenitally anomalous bicuspid valve
- endocarditis
- chronic rheumatic valve deformation
- dilation of aortic valve ring by aortic aneurysm or dissection
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL…
How much is pumped into the aorta?
60mL pumped out
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL..
What volume is left from last systole?
50mL
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL…
How much fluid falls back into left ventricle?
60mL
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL…
what volume is from the left atrium?
60mL
decreased from the normal 100mL b/c venous return is decreased
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL…
What would the End-Diastolic Pressure be (if situation is acute?)?
around 50mmHg
Higher than the normal 10mmHg
if half of pt’s SV is falling back into LV and pt can only compensate by increasing SV 20%, to 120mL…
What would the End-diastolic volume be?
170 mL
Consequences of acute
increased LV diastolic pressure (hasn’t had time to dilate and accommodate)
- ->increased left atrial pressure
- ->pulmonary congestion and edema
- ->dyspnea
Treatment of severe acute AR
surgical valve replacement (surgical emergency)
Chronic AR consequences
dilation of LV w/ increased muscle mass
–>inccreased compliance and less elevated LV diastolic pressure
pt. may be able to double SV to compensate for half of SV falling back into ventricle
chronic compensated aortic regurgitation:
If SV is 200mL…
What volume is pumped into aorta?
100mL
chronic compensated aortic regurgitation:
If SV is 200mL…
normal amount left in LV at end of systole
50mL
chronic compensated aortic regurgitation:
If SV is 200mL…
volume from left atrium?
100mL
chronic compensated aortic regurgitation:
If SV is 200mL…
volume that falls back into LV from aorta?
100mL
