Aortic Regurgitation

Question 1

The left ventricle is dealing with ____ blood than it should so you get volume effects that make the heart ____ and ____. This is because of the pressure and volume overload.

Answer 1

. The left ventricle is dealing with more blood than it should so you get volume effects that make the heart bigger and floppier. This is because of the pressure and volume overload.

Question 2

what are the leaflet causes of AR?

Answer 2

• endocarditis - most common

- connective tissue disorders

Question 3

what are the annulus causes of AR?

Answer 3

• marfan’s

- aortic dissection

Question 4

AR is reflux of blood from the -___ through the aortic valve into the ___ during _____.

Answer 4

AR is reflux of blood from the aorta through the aortic valve into the LV during diastole.

Question 5

If CO is maintained, the total volume in the LV is ______ and consequently LV size must ____.

Answer 5

If CO is maintained, the total volume in the LV is increased and consequently LV size must enlarge.

Question 6

what happens to coronary perfusion in AR?

Answer 6

decreases

Question 7

the larger LV is mechanically ____ efficient so demand for oxygen is____ and get cardiac _____

Answer 7

the larger LV is mechanically less efficient so demand for oxygen is greater and get cardiac ischaemia

Question 8

what are the symptoms?

Answer 8

• significant symptoms occur late and do not develop until left ventricular failure occurs
• breathlessness
• cardiac ischaemia
• get pounding of the heart

Question 9

what are the signs ?

Answer 9

collapsing pulse

displaced apex

Question 10

what s the murmur like?

Answer 10

early diastolic murmur heard in the tricuspid area with the patient leaning forward and the breath heard in expiration. - Decrescendo style

Question 11

what is the treatment?

Answer 11

ACE inhibitors

surgery

Question 12

There is a lot of evidence that if the patient has valve problems due to dilatation at the root, this is _____ and they should be on a _____ ______.

Answer 12

There is a lot of evidence that if the patient has valve problems due to dilatation at the root, this is marfan’s and they should be on a beta blocker.

Question 13

when should someone get surgery?

Answer 13

if they have symptoms and LV dilatation

Question 14

when should someone have a valve replacement

Answer 14

as the LV reaches a certain size - even if the patient is asymptomatic they should have a valve replacement