Anxiety, Stress and Arousal Flashcards
Define anxiety
A negative emotional state
Define stress
An imbalance of demand and response capability, where failure would mean consequences
Define arousal
A state of psychological and physiological activation
What is the inverted U-hypothesis
Performance follows a negative parabolic path as arousal increases
What is the drive theory
(Expert) Performance has a positive linear relationship with arousal
(Non-expert) Performance has a negative linear relationship with arousal
What is the multidimensional anxiety theory
Performance follows a negative parabolic path as somatic anxiety increases
Performance has a negative linear relationship with cognitive anxiety
What is the catastrophe model
Performance follows a negative parabolic path as arousal increases but at high arousal, there is a significant drop in performance
Define somatic anxiety
Physiological arousal i.e. sweating, pacing, etc
Define cognitive anxiety
Psychological arousal i.e. anxious
Define state anxiety
Anxiety experienced at certain points i.e. before competition
Define trait anxiety
A tendency to experience high state anxiety
Name techniques of reducing arousal
Somatic:
- Progressive relaxation
- Breathing techniques
- Biofeedback i.e smart watches
Cognitive:
- Relaxation responses
- Autogenic training i.e. meditation
- Music
Name techniques of inducing arousal
Somatic:
- Increased breathing
- Act energised
Cognitive:
- Music
- Act energised
- Imagery
- Positive self-talk
Why do we monitor arousal in athletes
To optimise performance
