Anxiety & Psychiatric Disorders Flashcards
T/F: anxiety in small doses is normal
true
when does anxiety becomes pathologic?
when pts have chronic baseline of anxiety
anxiety disorder
- excessive and uncontrollable
- requires no specific external stimulus
what can anxiety disorder result in?
physical syms and changes in behavior/cognition
what are the two patterns of anxiety disorders?
- chronic, generalized
- episodic, panic-like
what is the most frequently found psychiatric state in the general population?
anxiety disorder
what is the cause of anxiety disorder?
- no single biologic or psychological cause identified
- generalized anxiety disorder
- phobias
- PTSD
- panic disorder
txtment of anxiety disorders
- behavioral txtment
- drug txtment
which drugs do pts with anxiety disorders take?
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSEIs)
- benzodiazepines
how do you txt severe cases of anxiety disorder?
psychotherapy
what treatment is the maximum benefit for pts with anxiety disorders?
behavioral therapy + drug therapy
dental management of pts with anxiety disorders
- ID pts that may need additional supportive care
- appropriate level of personal interest with pt
- nitrous oxide
which age group commonly has panic attacks?
late adolescence to mid-30s
panic attack
sudden, overwhelming feeling of terror
pathophysiology of panic attack
adrenergic surge = fight-or-flight
how long do panic attacks last?
syms peak at 10 mins and lasts 20-30 mins
syms of panic attack
- dyspnea
- palpitations
- dizziness
- faintness
- trembling
- sweating
- choking
- flushes
- numbness/tingling
- chest pain
what can be correlated with a panic attack?
hyperventilation
hyperventilation
rapid, shallow breathing
txtment for hyperventillation
- upright position
- reassure and talk with pt
- breathe slowly with paper bag or into cupped hands over nose and mouth
hyperventilation leads to excessive loss of what?
CO2
why do you want to sit the pt who is hyperventilating in an upright position?
pt can experience carpopedal spasm
syncope is most frequently seen in males of what ages?
ages 17-25
syms of syncope
- pallor
- sweating
- nausea
- anxiety
- yawning
causes syncope
anxiety and other causes
txtment for syncope
- supine, feet up
- support airway
- oxygen, aromatic ammonia
what percent of US adults have mood disorders?
5%
what are the two most common mood disorders in the US?
- depression
- bipolar disorder
syms of depression
- depressed most of day
- marked decreased in interest/pleasure of most activities
- marked gain/loss in weight
- insomnia/hypersomnia
how long can depression last if not treated?
8-9 months
what is the 1st line of meds for pts with depression?
SSRIs
dental management of pts with depression
- all dentistry indicated
- support pt
- drug interactions
bipolar disorder
highlighted by the manic episode
mood during manic episode in pt with bipolar disorder
euphoric and cheerful
syms of pt with bipolar disorder
- inflated self-esteem
- grandiosity
- decreased need for sleep
- excessive speech
- distractibility
drug therapy for pts with bipolar disorder
- mood-stabilizing drugs
- lithium
goal of drug therapy for pts with bipolar disorder
- rapid control of depressive and manic syms
- prevent future episodes or decreased severity/frequency
