Anxiety, Depressive, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

Question 1

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 1

• Category of disorder involving fear or nervousness that is excessive, irrational, and maladaptive
• Most frequently diagnosed disorders
• Caused by frequent activation of Sympathetic nervous system in modern, stressed out society
• Act as a cycle (having social anxiety disorder causes avoidance of social situations, results in less confidence about social skills)

Question 2

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Answer 2

frequently elevated levels of anxiety from normal challenges and stresses of everyday life

Question 3

Panic Disorder

Answer 3

anxiety disorder marked by occasional episodes of sudden, very intense fear (panic attacks)

Question 4

Agoraphobia

Answer 4

intense fear of having a panic attack in public, results in avoidance of public setting and isolation

Question 5

Social Anxiety Disorder

Answer 5

strong fear of being judged by others or being embarrassed in public, results in limited social activities

Question 6

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD):

Answer 6

• plagued by unwanted, inappropriate, and persistent thoughts and tend to engage in repetitive almost ritualistic behaviours
• Compulsive behaviour serves as a means of coping with exited produced by obsessive thought
  i. e. washing hands extremely frequently because you are obsessive about cleanliness

Question 7

Major Depression

Answer 7

• disorder marked by prolonged periods of sadness, feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, social withdrawal, and cognitive and physical sluggishness

Question 8

Pessimistic Explanatory Style

Answer 8

set of habitual ways of explaining events to oneself which tend to be dysfunctional (i.e blaming self)

Question 9

Stable Attributions

Answer 9

assuming situation will persist (i.e. it was always be like this)

Question 10

Global Attributions

Answer 10

expanding impact of negative event into overall life (i.e. everything is ruined)

Question 11

Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression)

Answer 11

characterized by extreme highs and lows in mood, motivation, and energy
-involves depression at one end, mania (extremely energized/positive mood) at other end

Question 12

Sociocultural Influences on Mood Disorders:

Answer 12

• Living in a specific neighbourhood can be a risk factor for mood disorder for 3 reasons
  1) Higher daily stress due to substandard housing, increased crime rates…etc
  2) More vulnerable to secondary stressors such as unemployment
  3) Social ties not as strong
• Suicide 4 times more likely amount males than females, 2-3 time more likely amount Native Americans