Anxiety Flashcards
Autistic disorder
troubles with social
when do signs start being noticed
2-3 years of child life
what are the signs
not wanting to be picked and avoid eye contact
mild form
no interest in social interest in social interactions and intersted in narrow subjects
how does affect language
abnormal or non existant language
and may refer to themselves as other
what abnomal behaviours do they exhibit
flapping their hands and rocking back and forth
incidence of autism
more common in males than females 2:1 with intellectual disability
7:1 high functioning
how is autism normally acquired
highly heritable
genetic mutations
some viral infections during pregnancy that affects brain signaling
what is paculiar in autistic peoples brains
2-3 years theirs brain are bigger than normal
hypothesis on the larger brain in autistic children
-altered neuronal migration
-Abnormal formation oof synapses and dendritic spines
-Overconnectivity in key brain regions
-
fusiform area
they did not have activity in the fusiform area to recognise faces.
They do not care for this
treatment
No real cure
- intensive bahavioural therapy as children
-Group homes
- anticonvulsants to calm them
antidepressant
antipsychotics
stimulant
OCD
need to repeatedly to check things. perform certain retuals
what is the incidence in OCD
2%
More in females than males
what might be the cause OCD
disregulated behaviour in the the basal ganglia
OCD treatments
councelling. Not lettinghtem wash their hands
CBT
antidepressants
brain lesion in the cingulotomy cutting between the PFC
Addiction
changes the priorities of the person.
what is the most common addiction
alcohol
how does alcohol addiction harm you
fetal alcohol syndrome cirrhosis of the liver Korsakoff syndrome( hipocampal function) Increased rate of heart disease increased rate of intracerebral hemorrhage pancreatitis, diabetes
how can you get alcohol addiction
addictive personalities
finding the right drug
why are people addicted
reinforcement
It doesnt matter the contest
is craving conscious
more subconscious
basal ganglia is looking for quick reinforcement.
Neural mechanisms for addictions
drugs that increase dopamine in striatum at higher speed
Tolerance in addiction
having to take more of the drug over time to get the same effect
Withdrawal
opposite effect of the drug
Negative reinforcement
Reinforce the behaviour with negative effects
why people crave drugs
deficit in self control.
They seem to show deficit in the PFC.
Combordity in addiction
there is alot of it in addiction eg AADHD
naltrexone
Block binding site approach: opioid receptor antagonist.
blocks action of opiates
gives them will power to think about other things
Naloxone
rapid opioid receptor antagonist.
Immediatly puts people in withdrawal
Methadone maintenance
giving them a less potent drug.
Buprenorphine
something in between
Keeps out the other opiate from the receptor site but it also has opiate effect.
Mixed with naloxone
Cocaine vaccine
immune system to fight the molecules when it enters the blood stream
Stress disorders
physiological reation to something bad
meant to prepare people to react
when is stress bad
when theres too much
What does stress activate
activatea the sympathetic autonomic nervous branch
Glucocorticoids
group of hormones important for protein break down
pathway for cortil
amygdala- hypothalamus-
