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Psychiatry > Anxiety > Flashcards

Anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

Is anxiety normal?

A

Yes

It is a normal response to threat or danger

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2
Q

Which gender is more affected with GAG

A

Females

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3
Q

Aetiology of anxiety

A

Genetic predisposition
Stress (work, noise, hostile, home)
Events (losing or gaining a spouse, moving job, moving home)
Ect..

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4
Q

GI symptoms anxiety

A 
Dry mouth 
Swallowing difficulties 
Lump in throat 
Dyspepsia 
Nausea
Flatulence 
Frequent loose bowels 
Butterflies in tummy
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5
Q

Resp. symptoms anxiety

A

Tight chest
Hyperventilating
Difficulty inhaling

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6
Q

CVS symptoms anxiety

A

Palpitations
Missed beats
Chest pain

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7
Q

Genitourinary symptoms of anxiety

A

Frequency/urgency of micturition
Amenorrhoea
Dysmenorrhoea
Erectile failure

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8
Q

CNS symptoms of anxiety

A

Dizziness

Sweating

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9
Q

Muscle symptoms of anxiety

A

Muscle tension
Tremor
Headache
Muscle pain

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10
Q

Sleep symptoms of anxiety

A 
Sleep disturbance 
Initial insomnia 
Frequent waking 
Nightmares 
Night terrors
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11
Q

Ddx psychiatric conditions for GAD

A

Depression
Schizophrenia
Dementia
Substance misuse

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12
Q

DDx physical conditions for GAD

A 
Thyrotoxicosis 
Phaechromoytoma 
Hypoglycaemia 
Asthma 
Arrhytmias
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13
Q

What is the main risk with prescribing sedatives

A

They ave a high risk of dependency

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14
Q

Rx of GAD

A

Clear plan for management
Explanation and education
Advice re caffeine, alcohol, exercise

Relaxation training
CBT
Hypnosis
SSRI

(rarely sedatives)

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15
Q

What is agoraphobia

A 
Cluster of phobias 
Fear of crowds 
Fear of travel 
Fear of events away from home 
Fear of no easy way to escape or get help
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16
Q

What is a social phobia

A

Inappropriate anxiety in situation where person feels observed or could be criticised

17
Q

Examples of where someone with social phobia could face anxiety

A

Restaurants
Shops or queues
Public speaking

18
Q

What is a specific phobia

A

When the persons anxiety is Restricted to a specific situation

19
Q

Give examples of specific phobias

A

Odontophobia (dentists)
Arachnophobia (spiders)
Coulrophobia (clowns)

20
Q

Symptoms of social phobia

A

When in social places or places where they could be observes/criticsed

Anxiety symptoms 
Nausea 
Blushing 
Toilet urgency 
Tremor
21
Q

Rx for panic attacks

A

Try CBT

22
Q

Rx for social phobia

A

CBT

Education and advice

23
Q

Medication Rx for anxiety

A

SSRI
or
TCA

24
Q

What is PTSD

A

Delated or protracted reaction to a stressor of exceptional severit

25
Q

Examples of events which could cause PTSD

A 
Combat 
Natural or human cause disaster 
Rape 
Torture 
Witnessing any of the above
26
Q

Who is at greater risk of developing PTSD

A 
Women = 20% 
Men = 8%
27
Q

Vulnerability factors of PTSD

A 
Mood disorder 
Previous trauma (esp. as child)
Lack of social support 
Female 
Partly genetic
28
Q

Protective factors of PTSD

A

Higher education and social group

Good paternal relationship

29
Q

What are the 3 key elements to PTSD

A

Hyperarousal
Re-experiencing phenomena
Avoidance

30
Q

Describe hyperarousal in PTSD

A

Persistent anxiety Irritability
Insomnia
Poor concentration

31
Q

Describe re-experiencing phenomena in PTSD

A

Intense intrusive images
Flashbacks when awake
Nightmares during sleep
Often with increased BP, increased pulse and sweating

32
Q

Describe avoidance in PTSD

A 
Emotional numbness 
Cue avoidance 
Recall difficulties 
Diminished interests 
Drug/alcohol misuse 
Poor concentration
33
Q

According to NICE guideline when should survivors be screened for PTSD?

A

1/12

34
Q

Rx for mild symptoms of PTSD

A

Watchful waiting

Review in further month

35
Q

Rx for more severe PTSD

A

Trauma focused CBT

Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)

36
Q

Medication Rx for PTSD

A

SSRIs
TCAS
Risk of dependance with sedatives

37
Q

What is the prognosis for PTSD

A

Usually 50% recover in 1yr

Psychiatry (15 decks)

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