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Micro R&M > Antivirals: MOAs > Flashcards

Antivirals: MOAs Flashcards

1
Q

Chloroquine

A

Anti-malarial that blocks detox of heme into hemozoin; accumulation of heme in toxic to plasmodia

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2
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitors (class)

A

Anti-flu: Inhibit NA–> decreased release of progeny virus

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3
Q

Zanamivir

A

NA inhibitor

Anti-flu: Inhibit NA–> decreased release of progeny virus

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4
Q

Omseltamivir

A

NA inhibitor

Anti-flu: Inhibit NA–> decreased release of progeny virus

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5
Q

Ribavirin

A

Competitive inhibitor of IMP DH–> inhibits synth of guanine ntides

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6
Q

Acyclovir

A

Guanosine analog that’s monophosphorylated by HSV/VZV thymidine kinase–> triphosphorylated by cellular enz–> inhibits DNA polymerase via chain termination

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7
Q

Famciclovir

A

Guanosine analog that’s monophosphorylated by HSV/VZV thymidine kinase–> triphosphorylated by cellular enz–> inhibits DNA polymerase via chain termination

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8
Q

Valacyclovir

A

Prodrug of acyclovir
(Guanosine analog that’s monophosphorylated by HSV/VZV thymidine kinase–> triphosphorylated by cellular enz–> inhibits DNA polymerase via chain termination)

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9
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Guanosine analog. Monophosphorylated by CMV viral kinase–> triphosphorylated by cell enz–> inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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10
Q

Valganciclovir

A

Ganciclovir prodrug
(Guanosine analog. Monophosphorylated by CMV viral kinase–> triphosphorylated by cell enz–> inhibits viral DNA polymerase)

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11
Q

Foscarnet

A

Pyrophosphate analog. Viral polymerase inhibitor that directly binds the pyrophosphate binding site of the enz (no activation by viral kinase required)

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12
Q

Cidofovir

A

Preferentially inhibits viral DNA polymerase; doesn’t require phosphorylation by viral kinase

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13
Q

Protease inhibitors (class)

A

Inhibit HIV protease–> can’t cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts–> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.

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14
Q

Atazanavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
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15
Q

Darunavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
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16
Q

Fosamprenavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
17
Q

Indinavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
18
Q

Lopinavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
19
Q

Ritonavir

A

Protease inhibitor: main fxn is to “boost” other drug concentrations by inhibiting p450
(Inhibit HIV protease–> can’t cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts–> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)

20
Q

Saquinavir

A 
Protease inhibitor
(Inhibit HIV protease--> can't cleave polypeptide products of HIV mRNA into functional parts--> inhibits assembly of virons and thus maturation of new viruses.)
21
Q

Nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) (class)

A

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group). Require phosphorylation to be active.

22
Q

Abacavir

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

23
Q

Didanosine

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

24
Q

Emtricitabine

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

25
Q

Lamivudine

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

26
Q

Stavudine

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

27
Q

Tenofovir

A

Only nucleoTide NRTI; thus doesn’t require phosphorylation to be active (unlike nucleoside NRTIs)
(Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group))

28
Q

Zidovudine

A

NRTI

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RTase–> terminate DNA chain (due to lack of 3’OH group

29
Q

NNRTIs (class)

A

Bind RTase at different site than NRTIs–> terminate DNA chain.

30
Q

Efavirenz

A

NNRTI

Bind RTase at different site than NRTIs–> terminate DNA chain.

31
Q

Nevirapine

A

NNRTI

Bind RTase at different site than NRTIs–> terminate DNA chain.

32
Q

Delavirdine

A

NNRTI

Bind RTase at different site than NRTIs–> terminate DNA chain.

33
Q

Raltegravir

A

Reversibly inhibits HIV ubtegrase–> inhibits HIV genome integration into host cell chromosome

34
Q

Enfuvirtide

A

Fusion inhibitor; binds gp41–> inhibiting viral entry

35
Q

Maraviroc

A

Fusion inhibitor: binds CCR5 on surface of T-cells and monocytes–> inhibits interaction w/ gp120

Micro R&M (5 decks)

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